ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2018
Ad libitum drinking adequately supports hydration during 2 h of running in different ambient temperatures.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Heat Stress and Dehydration on Carbohydrate Use During Endurance Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Pooled it
- Sports Dietitians Australia and Ultra Sports Science Foundation Joint Position Statement: A Practitioner Guide to the Prevention and Management of Exercise-Associated Gastrointestinal Perturbations and Symptoms.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Guideline
- Effect of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on gastrointestinal outcomes in healthy adults and active adults at rest and in response to exercise-A systematic literature review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- The Effect of Dietary Supplements on Endurance Exercise Performance and Core Temperature in Hot Environments: A Meta-analysis and Meta-regression.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Pooled it
- The impact of (poly)phenol-rich sugarcane extract intervention on markers of gastrointestinal integrity and systemic inflammation in response to exertional-heat stress.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Variation of bone-related and inflammatory biomarkers after a half-marathon running in trained subjects.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Plasma Endogenous Endotoxin Core Antibody Response to Exercise in Endurance Athletes.International journal of sports medicine · 2022Article
- Recommendations on Youth Participation in Ultra-Endurance Running Events: A Consensus Statement.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- High Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols (FODMAP) Consumption Among Endurance Athletes and Relationship to Gastrointestinal Symptoms.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- Ad libitum water consumption off-sets the thermal and cardiovascular strain exacerbated by dehydration during a 3-h simulated heatwave.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Article
- Exertional-heat stress-associated gastrointestinal perturbations during Olympic sports: Management strategies for athletes preparing and competing in the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2020Review
- Hoffman MD, Snipe RM, Costa RJ (2018) Ad libitum drinking adequately supports hydration during 2 h of running in different ambient temperatures. Eur J Appl Physiol 118:2687-2697.European journal of applied physiology · 2019Article
- Response to Armstrong and Bergeron.European journal of applied physiology · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo examine if ad libitum drinking will adequately support hydration during exertional heat stress.
methodsTen endurance-trained runners ran for 2 h at 60% of maximum oxygen uptake under different conditions. Participants drank water ad libitum during separate trials at mean ambient temperatures of 22 °C, 30 °C and 35 °C. Participants also completed three trials at a mean ambient temperature of 35 °C while drinking water ad libitum in all trials, and with consumption of programmed glucose or whey protein hydrolysate solutions to maintain euhydration in two of these trials. Heart rate, oxygen uptake, rectal temperature, perceived effort, and thermal sensation were monitored, and nude body mass, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and plasma osmolality were measured before and after exercise. Water and mass balance equations were used to calculate hydration-related variables.
resultsParticipants adjusted their ad libitum water intake so that the same decrease in body mass (1.1-1.2 kg) and same decrease in body water (0.8-0.9 kg) were observed across the range of ambient temperatures which yielded significant differences (p < .001) in sweat loss. Overall, water intake and total water gain replaced 57% and 66% of the water loss, respectively. The loss in body mass and body water associated with ad libitum drinking resulted in no alteration in physiological and psychophysiological variables compared with the condition when hydration was nearly fully maintained (0.3 L body water deficit) relative to pre-exercise status from programmed drinking.
conclusionsAd libitum drinking is an appropriate strategy for supporting hydration during running for 2 h duration under hot conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.