ArticleAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2019
Overlapping vitamin A interventions in the United States, Guatemala, Zambia, and South Africa: case studies.
Article in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Relative Dose-Response Tests to Assess Vitamin A Status.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Simulated Impact of Vitamin A-Fortified Sugar on Dietary Adequacy and Association of Usual Sugar Intake With Plasma and Breast Milk Retinol Among Lactating Zambian Women.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- Synthesis of 13C2-Retinyl Acetate and Dose Preparation for Retinol Isotope Dilution Tests.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2025Article
- Reevaluating vitamin A for measles management in high-income settings.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Metabolomics profiling of hypervitaminosis A in South African preschoolers is characterised by modified serum lysophospholipids and oxylipins.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Vitamin A fortification: key factors and considerations for effective implementation.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Vitamin D Maintains Growth and Bone Mineral Density against a Background of Severe Vitamin A Deficiency and Moderate Toxicity in a Swine Model.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Hepatic Vitamin A Concentrations and Association with Infectious Causes of Child Death.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Inadequate Niacin Intake Disrupts Growth and Retinol Homeostasis Resulting in Higher Liver and Lower Serum Retinol Concentrations in Male Rats.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Exploring a spatial template for targetted supplementation of vitamin A in under-5 Indian children.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Vitamin A supplementation among 9-59 month old children in India: geospatial perspectives and implications for targeted coverage.BMJ global health · 2022Article
- Decisions to Start, Strengthen, and Sustain Food Fortification Programs: An Application of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Evidence to Decision (EtD) Framework in Nigeria.Current developments in nutrition · 2022Article
- Article
- Genetic Variations of Vitamin A-Absorption and Storage-Related Genes, and Their Potential Contribution to Vitamin A Deficiency Risks Among Different Ethnic Groups.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Article
- Findings in 3 clinical trials challenge the accuracy of the Institute of Medicine's estimated average requirements for vitamin A in children and women.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Biological evidence to define a vitamin A deficiency cutoff using total liver vitamin A reserves.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) deficiency is a serious public health problem, especially in preschool children who are at risk of increased mortality. In order to address this problem, the World Health Organization recommends periodic high-dose supplementation to children 6-59 months of age in areas of highest risk. Originally, supplementation was meant as a short-term solution until more sustainable interventions could be adopted. Currently, many countries are fortifying commercialized common staple and snack foods with retinyl palmitate. However, in some countries, overlapping programs may lead to excessive intakes. Our review uses case studies in the United States, Guatemala, Zambia, and South Africa to illustrate the potential for excessive intakes in some groups. For example, direct liver analysis from 27 U.S. adult cadavers revealed 33% prevalence of hypervitaminosis A (defined as ≥1 μmol/g liver). In 133 Zambian children, 59% were diagnosed with hypervitaminosis A using a retinol isotope dilution, and 16% had ≥5% total serum VA as retinyl esters, a measure of intoxication. In 40 South African children who frequently consumed liver, 72.5% had ≥5% total serum VA as retinyl esters. All four countries have mandatory fortified foods and a high percentage of supplement users or targeted supplementation to preschool children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.