ArticleInternational archives of occupational and environmental health2019
International consensus criteria for diagnosing and staging hand-arm vibration syndrome.
Article in International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Factors influencing Purdue Pegboard test results among hand-arm vibration-exposed workers.Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Understanding avoidance of medical surveillance for hand-arm vibrations in Sweden: a mixed-methods approach.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Diagnostic test performance of screening questions for neurosensory hand-arm vibration injury.Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Vocational rehabilitative decisions after symptoms and findings consistent with hand-arm vibration syndrome in the Swedish surveillance system - a mixed-method design.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Serum levels of biomarkers related to severity staging of Raynaud's phenomenon, neurosensory manifestations, and vibration exposure in patients with hand-arm vibration injury.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mottled Raynaud's phenomenon and hand-arm vibration syndrome: followed up for 10 years.BMJ case reports · 2024Article
- Case report: Hand-arm vibration syndrome in a dental technician.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Effect of the level of manual performance disability caused by exposure to vibration among sailors working on sailing speed vessels.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- Technetium-99m hand perfusion scintigraphy (Raynaud's scan) as a method of verification in hand arm vibration syndrome: a review.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2022Review
- Tremor measurements in a 22-year cohort study of workers exposed to hand-held vibrating tools.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2021Article
- Adverse health manifestations in the hands of vibration exposed carpenters - a cross sectional study.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2021Article
- Vibration Exposure and Transmissibility on Dentist's Anatomy: A Study of Micro Motors and Air-Turbines.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Dose-response relationship between hand-arm vibration exposure and vibrotactile thresholds among roadworkers.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2020Article
- A Blue Finger, Severe Cyanosis of Raynaud's Phenomenon with Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome: A Case Report.Case reports in dermatologyArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIn the 30 years since the Stockholm Workshop Scale (SWS) was published, the scientific literature on hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) has grown and experience has been gained in its practical application. This research was undertaken to develop an up-to-date evidence-based classification for HAVS by seeking consensus between experts in the field.
methodsSeven occupational physicians who are clinically active and have had work published on HAVS in the last 10 years were asked to independently take part in a three-round iterative Delphi process. Consensus was taken when 5/7 (72%) agreed with a particular statement. Experts were asked to provide evidence from the literature or data from their own research to support their views.
resultsConsensus was achieved for most of the questions that were used to develop an updated staging system for HAVS. The vascular and neurological components from the SWS are retained, but ambiguous descriptors and tests without adequately developed methodology such as tactile discrimination, or discriminating power such as grip strength, are not included in the new staging system. A blanching score taken from photographs of the hands during vasospastic episodes is recommended in place of self-recall and frequency of attacks to stage vascular HAVS. Methods with the best evidence base are described for assessing sensory perception and dexterity.
conclusionsA new classification has been developed with three stages for the clinical classification of vascular and neurological HAVS based on international consensus. We recommend it replaces the SWS for clinical and research purposes.
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