ArticleInfection2019
Serological biomarkers of candidemia: a retrospective evaluation of three assays.
Article in Infection, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the sensitivity of the Wako β-D-glucan assay for the diagnosis of candidemia caused by Candida parapsilosis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Serum Biomarkers for Improved Diagnosis of Candidemia.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Species-Specific Sensitivity and Levels of Beta-D-Glucan for the Diagnosis of Candidemia-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unresolved issues in the diagnosis of catheter related candidemia: A position paper.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2024Review
- Detailed β-(1→3)-D-glucan and mannan antigen kinetics in patients with candidemia.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2023Article
- Innovative Biosensing Approaches for Swift Identification ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Performance of Multiplex PCR and β-1,3-D-Glucan Testing for the Diagnosis of Candidemia.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- β-1,3-d-Glucan and Galactomannan as Biomarkers for the Detection of InvasiveJournal of clinical microbiology · 2022Article
- Comparative Analysis of Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics Between InvasiveInfection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Welcome to our new Section Editors in INFECTION.Infection · 2020Article
- Comparative performance evaluation of Wako β-glucan test and Fungitell assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases.PloS one · 2020Article
- Emerging Invasive Fungal Infections: Clinical Features and Controversies in Diagnosis and Treatment Processes.Infection and drug resistance · 2020Article
- Invasive Fungal Infection.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSerologic testing allows for rapid detection of candidemia. More data are needed for the Virion\Serion ELISA antigen test (Ag), Hemkit Candida IHA antibody test (Ab), and Wako β-1,3-D-glucan assay (BDG).
methodsTests were performed on serum samples from 120 cases of culture-confirmed candidemia and 44 Candida-negative controls. Sensitivities and specificities of individual tests as well as combinations were assessed.
resultsThe overall sensitivity of Ag, Ab, and Ag/Ab testing was 30, 40, and 54%, respectively, while in transplant patients it significantly dropped to 16, 26, and 40% (p = 0.02). For BDG testing it was 67%, both overall and in transplant patients. Especially Ag testing performed poorly among women ≤ 65 years with a significantly reduced sensitivity of 9% (p < 0.002). While the sensitivity of Ag/Ab testing was somewhat higher at 67% for C. albicans, it was significantly lower for non-albicans species at 42% (p = 0.006). The sensitivity of BDG testing for C. albicans and non-albicans species was not significantly different at 64 and 69%, respectively. Both Ag/Ab and BDG testing had a high specificity of 93%, for Ag testing it was 100%. Similar sensitivities were calculated for sera sampled on the day of and 4-6 days before sampling of positive blood cultures.
conclusionsSerological markers are valuable tools for the early diagnosis of candidemia. Ab, Ag, and BDG testing are all characterized by high specificity. The Wako BDG test is significantly more sensitive compared to combined Candida-Ag/Ab testing, particularly in the setting of non-albicans species and specific host factors.
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