ArticleInternational journal of biological sciences2018
Cellular glucose metabolism is essential for the reduction of cell-impermeable water-soluble tetrazolium (WST) dyes.
Article in International journal of biological sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
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- From Pathway Tracing to Actionable Targets: Integrative Mendelian Randomization and Experimental Triangulation Map Metabolic Pathways Across Ovarian Cancer Histotypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- H2S inhibits high glucose-induced osteoblast injury by inhibiting ferroptosis in diabetic osteoporosis in vitro.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025Article
- HIV-Associated Hypertension: Risks, Mechanisms, and Knowledge Gaps.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Variation in pentose phosphate pathway-associated metabolism dictates cytotoxicity outcomes determined by tetrazolium reduction assays.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Predicting the Outcome of Equine Artificial Inseminations Using Chilled Semen.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Article
- Guaiazulene derivative 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroazuleno[1,2-b] tropone reduces the production of ATP by inhibiting electron transfer complex II.FEBS open bio · 2021Article
- Mimicking of Blood Flow Results in a Distinct Functional Phenotype in Human Non-Adherent Classical Monocytes.Biology · 2021Article
- Novel Cell-Based Assay to Investigate Monoacylglycerol Acyltransferase 2 Inhibitory Activity Using HIEC-6 Cell Line.ACS omega · 2021Article
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5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Water-soluble tetrazolium (WST) dyes, such as WST-1 and WST-8, are widely used in cell proliferation and anti-cell-growth drug screen assays. However, the underlying determinants for WST reduction are still largely unknown. In addition, application of tetrazolium-based assays to cellular glucose metabolism studies has not been fully explored. In the present study, we show here that WST-8 reduction is dependent on cellular glucose metabolism. In order to minimize the variance of live cell number during stimulation, we treated cells with different stimuli and performed tetrazolium-based assays within 6 hours. Withdrawal of medium glucose supply greatly attenuated WST-8 reduction but not intracellular ATP levels, while re-adding glucose reconstituted WST-8 reduction, indicating the effect was not due to cell death. The role of glucose on WST-8 reduction is specific since glutamine, fructose or galactose did not substitute for the effect of glucose on WST-8 reduction. Furthermore, inhibition of glucose transporters, intracellular glucose metabolic enzymes or EGFR-PI3K-Akt signaling also attenuated WST-8 reduction. In an attempt to screen inhibitors targeting cellular glucose metabolism from hyperglycemia-associated drugs, it turned out that HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir, could largely block WST-8 reduction, but not cellular ATP level. Interestingly, ritonavir has been shown to acutely block glucose transport
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