ArticleToxins2018
Organic and Peptidyl Constituents of Snake Venoms: The Picture Is Vastly More Complex Than We Imagined.
Article in Toxins, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexual Dimorphism and Intraspecific Toxin Variation in Crotalus durissus terrificus Venom: Insights from Proteomics, Peptidomics, and Structural Modeling.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Lipidomics of Bothrops atrox and Crotalus durissus ruruima venoms, the two major viperids involved in human envenomings in the Brazilian Amazon.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Electrophysiological modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission by biologically active peptides from Bothrops bilineatus (Viperidae: Crotalinae) venom.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Targeted Metabolomics ofJournal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2025Article
- Article
- Snake Toxins Affecting Blood Vessel Walls: Mode of Action and Biological Significance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Blunt-Nosed Viper (ACS omega · 2025Article
- Snake Venomics of the Arboreal Talamancan Palm-Pitviper,Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Categorization and Characterization of Snake Venom Variability through Intact Toxin Analysis by Mass Spectrometry.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Metabolomics and proteomics: synergistic tools for understanding snake venom inhibition.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Interrogating stonefish venom: small molecules present in envenomation caused by Synanceia spp.FEBS open bio · 2025Article
- Venomics and Peptidomics of Palearctic Vipers: A Clade-Wide Analysis of Seven Taxa of the GeneraJournal of proteome research · 2024Article
- Article
- Extracellular Vesicles fromToxins · 2022Article
- Two-Dimensional Blue Native/SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis for Analysis of BrazilianToxins · 2022Article
- Article
- Modern venomics-Current insights, novel methods, and future perspectives in biological and applied animal venom research.GigaScience · 2022Article
- Review of the Mechanisms of Snake Venom Induced Pain: It's All about Location, Location, Location.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Small metabolites and peptides in 17 snake venoms (Elapidae, Viperinae, and Crotalinae), were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Each venom contains >900 metabolites and peptides. Many small organic compounds are present at levels that are probably significant in prey envenomation, given that their known pharmacologies are consistent with snake envenomation strategies. Metabolites included purine nucleosides and their bases, neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, guanidino compounds, carboxylic acids, amines, mono- and disaccharides, and amino acids. Peptides of 2⁻15 amino acids are also present in significant quantities, particularly in crotaline and viperine venoms. Some constituents are specific to individual taxa, while others are broadly distributed. Some of the latter appear to support high anabolic activity in the gland, rather than having toxic functions. Overall, the most abundant organic metabolite was citric acid, owing to its predominance in viperine and crotaline venoms, where it chelates divalent cations to prevent venom degradation by venom metalloproteases and damage to glandular tissue by phospholipases. However, in terms of their concentrations in individual venoms, adenosine, adenine, were most abundant, owing to their high titers in
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.