ArticleJournal of virology2018
Lysosomal Proteases Are a Determinant of Coronavirus Tropism.
Article in Journal of virology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04353037 (PATCH 2 & 3), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PATCH 2 & 3: (Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 With Hydroxychloroquine) A Double-blind Placebo Controlled Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
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- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Molecular Mimicry: An Immunoinformatic Screen for Cross-Reactive Autoantigen Candidates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Preliminary Detection of Bats-associated Influenza A virus from Pakistan.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Structural and functional constraints on spike activation and host protease utilization limit cell entry of SARS-CoV-2-related bat coronaviruses.Journal of virology · 2025Article
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- Synergistic activation of bat SARS-like coronaviruses spike protein by elastase and TMPRSS2.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of in vitro growth and pathogenicity in mice of intra-genotype chimeric strains of genotype IV Japanese encephalitis virus.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Distinct pathways for evolution of enhanced receptor binding and cell entry in SARS-like bat coronaviruses.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- ACE2-independent sarbecovirus cell entry can be supported by TMPRSS2-related enzymes and can reduce sensitivity to antibody-mediated neutralization.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Dual-role epitope on SARS-CoV-2 spike enhances and neutralizes viral entry across different variants.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Potential Effects of Hyperglycemia on SARS-CoV-2 Entry Mechanisms in Pancreatic Beta Cells.Viruses · 2024Review
- The Role of NEU1 in Coronavirus Infection and Pathogenesis.Virology & immunology journal · 2024Article
- Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- The coronavirus recombination pathway.Cell host & microbe · 2023Review
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- The D614G mutation redirects SARS-CoV-2 spike to lysosomes and suppresses deleterious traits of the furin cleavage site insertion mutation.Science advances · 2022Article
- Charge-transfer chemistry of two corticosteroids used adjunctively to treat COVID-19. Part II: The CT reaction of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone donors with TCNQ and fluoranil acceptors in five organic solvents.Journal of molecular liquids · 2022Article
- Charge-transfer chemistry of two corticosteroids used adjunctively to treat COVID-19. Part I: Complexation of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone donors with DDQ acceptor in five organic solvents.Journal of molecular liquids · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cell entry by coronaviruses involves two principal steps, receptor binding and membrane fusion; the latter requires activation by host proteases, particularly lysosomal proteases. Despite the importance of lysosomal proteases in both coronavirus entry and cell metabolism, the correlation between lysosomal proteases and cell tropism of coronaviruses has not been established. Here, we examined the roles of lysosomal proteases in activating coronavirus surface spike proteins for membrane fusion, using the spike proteins from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) as the model system. To this end, we controlled the contributions from receptor binding and other host proteases, thereby attributing coronavirus entry solely or mainly to the efficiency of lysosomal proteases in activating coronavirus spike-mediated membrane fusion. Our results showed that lysosomal proteases from bat cells support coronavirus spike-mediated pseudovirus entry and cell-cell fusion more effectively than their counterparts from human cells. Moreover, purified lysosomal extracts from bat cells cleave cell surface-expressed coronavirus spikes more efficiently than their counterparts from human cells. Overall, our study suggests that different lysosomal protease activities from different host species and tissue cells are an important determinant of the species and tissue tropism of coronaviruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.