ArticleClinical epigenetics2018
CDX2 in colorectal cancer is an independent prognostic factor and regulated by promoter methylation and histone deacetylation in tumors of the serrated pathway.
Article in Clinical epigenetics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA methylation signatures of sporadic colorectal cancer with microsatellite instability.Epigenetics · 2026Article
- Review
- CDX2 expression dynamics in tumor clusters: a morpho-molecular biomarker in rectal cancer pretreatment biopsies revealed by sequential immunofluorescence.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- CANDiT: A machine learning framework for differentiation therapy in colorectal cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- KnowYourCG: Facilitating base-level sparse methylome interpretation.Science advances · 2025Article
- Clinical, Immunohistochemical, and Inflammatory Profiles in Colorectal Cancer: The Impact of MMR Deficiency.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of colorectal tumors in Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
- CDX2 loss in colorectal cancer cells is associated with invasive properties and tumor budding.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- CDX2 Promoter-Controlled Oncolytic Adenovirus Suppresses Tumor Growth and Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer.Cancer science · 2025Article
- CDX2 downregulation regulates intrinsic WNT pathway activation, dictating metastasis in APC and CTNNB1 wildtype colorectal cancer.Oncogene · 2025Article
- CDX2 and SATB2 loss are associated with myeloid cell infiltration and poor survival in colorectal cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Integrative Analysis of Gene Expression and Promoter Methylation to Differentiate High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer from Benign Tumors.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Intracranial neuroendocrine carcinoma with coexisting pituitary adenoma: a case report and comprehensive literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- The combination of CDX2 expression status and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density as a prognostic factor in adjuvant FOLFOX-treated patients with stage III colorectal cancers.Journal of pathology and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Molecular Biology of Cancer-Interplay of Malignant Cells with Emerging Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- BRAF mutations and the association of V600E with CD133 and CDX2 expression in a Pakistani colorectal carcinoma cohort.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- scGRN: a comprehensive single-cell gene regulatory network platform of human and mouse.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- DNA methylation modulates epigenetic regulation in colorectal cancer diagnosis, prognosis and precision medicine.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Review
- Loss ofEcancermedicalscience · 2024Article
- Novel inheritedCold Spring Harbor molecular case studies · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn colorectal cancer, CDX2 expression is lost in approximately 20% of cases and associated with poor outcome. Here, we aim to validate the clinical impact of CDX2 and investigate the role of promoter methylation and histone deacetylation in CDX2 repression and restoration.
methodsCDX2 immunohistochemistry was performed on multi-punch tissue microarrays (n = 637 patients). Promoter methylation and protein expression investigated on 11 colorectal cancer cell lines identified two CDX2 low expressors (SW620, COLO205) for treatment with decitabine (DNA methyltransferase inhibitor), trichostatin A (TSA) (general HDAC inhibitor), and LMK-235 (specific HDAC4 and HDAC5 inhibitor). RNA and protein levels were assessed. HDAC5 recruitment to the CDX2 gene promoter region was tested by chromatin immunoprecipitation.
resultsSixty percent of tumors showed focal CDX2 loss; 5% were negative. Reduced CDX2 was associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0167), distant metastasis (p = 0.0123), and unfavorable survival (multivariate analysis: p = 0.0008; HR (95%CI) 0.922 (0.988-0.997)) as well as BRAF
conclusionCDX2 loss is an adverse prognostic factor and linked to molecular features of the serrated pathway. RNA/protein expression is restored in CDX2 low-expressing CRC cell lines by demethylation and HDAC inhibition. Importantly, our data underline HDAC4 and HDAC5 as new epigenetic CDX2 regulators that warrant further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.