ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2018
The effect of economy type on demand and preference for cocaine and saccharin in rats.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Behavioral economic demand for ethanol in Long Evans rats: Influence of choice context, sex, and vapor history.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Intermittent and extended cocaine access attenuate cocaine-vs-food choice in male and female rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Chronic ethanol vapor exposure suppresses ethanol self-administration and behavioral allocation in a concurrent operant choice paradigm in male and female Long Evans rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Preclinical abuse potential testing using behavioral economics and drug self-administration demand-curve analysis: A strategy to improve resolution of drug stratification for regulatory control.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- A Review of Behavioral Economic Manipulations Affecting Drug versus Nondrug Choice in Rats.Perspectives on behavior science · 2025Review
- Cocaine and heroin interact differently with nondrug reinforcers in a choice situation.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Intermittent-access operant alcohol self-administration promotes binge-like drinking and drinking despite negative consequences in male and female heterogeneous stock rats.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Oxytocin and orexin systems bidirectionally regulate the ability of opioid cues to bias reward seeking.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Behavioral economic demand as a unifying language for addiction science: Promoting collaboration and integration of animal and human models.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2020Review
- Opening the cocaine economy by providing within-session access to a cheaper source of cocaine makes demand for it more elastic.Behavioural pharmacology · 2020Article
- Heroin choice depends on income level and economy type.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- The effect of economy type on heroin and saccharin essential value.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2019Article
- The effect of economy type on reinforcer value.Behavioural processes · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEconomy type is an important determinant of reinforcer value. This study investigated the effect of open and closed economies on demand and preference for cocaine and saccharin in rats.
methodsIn the first phase, rats were trained to lever press for cocaine infusions or saccharin. The number of presses required for each reinforcer increased across sessions. Cocaine and saccharin economy type was manipulated over groups by varying post-session availability of these reinforcers. One group of rats had three hours' post-session access to unlimited cocaine (open economy). A second group had three hours' post-session access to unlimited saccharin. A third group had no post-session access to either reinforcer (closed economy). In a second phase, rats in the three conditions could make mutually exclusive choices for cocaine or saccharin.
resultsPost-session access to saccharin caused saccharin demand to become more elastic. Post-session access to cocaine had no effect on demand for cocaine but made demand for saccharin more elastic. Results from the choice phase generally paralleled those from the demand phase, the main finding being that post-session saccharin access caused an increase in cocaine preference.
conclusionsThese results show that manipulating economy type can affect cocaine and non-drug reinforcers differently. Opening the saccharin economy decreased saccharin's value. Opening the cocaine economy did not decrease cocaine's value, but instead led to a devaluation of saccharin. These results suggest that cocaine choice may be determined not only by the reinforcers immediately available, but also by those reinforcers' broader contexts of availability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.