Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30256991›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2019

Network Analysis Reveals the Latent Structure of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia.

Gregory P Strauss, Farnaz Zamani Esfahlani, Silvana Galderisi, Armida Mucci, Alessandro Rossi, Paola Bucci, Paola Rocca, Mario Maj, Brian Kirkpatrick, Ivan Ruiz and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. EPA guidance on assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2021
    Pooled it
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  12. Neuroanatomical Correlates of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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  15. Social network reductions are associated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025
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7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Gregory P StraussDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
Farnaz Zamani EsfahlaniDepartment of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering & Center for Collective Dynamics of Complex Systems, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY.
Silvana GalderisiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Armida MucciDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Alessandro RossiSection of Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Paola BucciDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Paola RoccaSection of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Mario MajDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Brian KirkpatrickDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV.
Ivan RuizDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
Hiroki SayamaDepartment of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering & Center for Collective Dynamics of Complex Systems, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY.

Funding

Motivated Attention and Avolition in Individuals with SchizophreniaK23MH092530 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI STRAUSS, GREGORY P · 2010 to 2014
$769k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH092530
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prior studies using exploratory factor analysis provide evidence that negative symptoms are best conceptualized as 2 dimensions reflecting diminished motivation and expression. However, the 2-dimensional model has yet to be evaluated using more complex mathematical techniques capable of testing structure. In the current study, network analysis was applied to evaluate the latent structure of negative symptoms using a community-detection algorithm. Two studies were conducted that included outpatients with schizophrenia (SZ; Study 1: n = 201; Study 2: n = 912) who were rated on the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS). In both studies, network analysis indicated that the 13 BNSS items divided into 6 negative symptom domains consisting of anhedonia, avolition, asociality, blunted affect, alogia, and lack of normal distress. Separation of these domains was statistically significant with reference to a null model of randomized networks. There has been a recent trend toward conceptualizing the latent structure of negative symptoms in relation to 2 distinct dimensions reflecting diminished expression and motivation. However, the current results obtained using network analysis suggest that the 2-dimensional conceptualization is not complex enough to capture the nature of the negative symptom construct. Similar to recent confirmatory factor analysis studies, network analysis revealed that the latent structure of negative symptom is best conceptualized in relation to the 5 domains identified in the 2005 National Institute of Mental Health consensus development conference (anhedonia, avolition, asociality, blunted affect, and alogia) and potentially a sixth domain consisting of lack of normal distress. Findings have implications for identifying pathophysiological mechanisms and targeted treatments.

Indexed as

AffectAnhedoniaAphasiaSchizophrenic PsychologyAdultFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedModels, TheoreticalSchizophreniaUnited Statesalogiaanhedoniaasociality/blunted affectavolitionconfirmatory factor analysisnegative symptoms

Identifiers

PMID30256991
PMCPMC6737465

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.