Trial reportAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2019
Prenatal Household Air Pollution Is Associated with Impaired Infant Lung Function with Sex-Specific Effects. Evidence from GRAPHS, a Cluster Randomized Cookstove Intervention Trial.
Trial report in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of prenatal and postnatal household air pollution exposure on respiratory morbidity and lung function in sub-Saharan African children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Pooled it
- Air pollution's toll on adverse birth outcomes: key research insights from Chinese epidemiological studies.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Maternal Prenatal Exposure to Household Air Pollution and Child Respiratory Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Early-life liquefied petroleum gas cooking intervention and lung function in Guatemalan children: a randomized clinical trial.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2026Trial
- Effect of Household Air Pollution on the Gut Microbiome and Virome of Adult Women Living in Uganda.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Trial
- Household air pollution exposures over pregnancy and maternal blood pressure trajectories through 8 years postpartum: Evidence from the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS).Environmental research · 2026Trial
- Effects of Cooking with Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Biomass Fuels on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preschool-Age Children Living in Puno, Peru.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Trial
- Household Air Pollution and Child Lung Function: The Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Trial
- Prenatal Household Air Pollution Exposure and Childhood Blood Pressure in Rural Ghana.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Trial
- Using time-resolved monitor wearing data to study the effect of clean cooking interventions on personal air pollution exposures.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Prenatal Household Air Pollution Alters Cord Blood Mononuclear Cell Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number: Sex-Specific Associations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Trial
- Sex-specific in utero reprogramming of lung immunity.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Prenatal and postnatal household air pollution and longitudinal growth trajectories: results from long-term follow up of the GRAPHS cohort.Environment international · 2026Article
- Household energy use and health in low-income and middle-income countries.The Lancet. Global health · 2026Review
- Exploring Effects of Household Air Pollution on Pregnant Mothers and Their Offspring in Africa: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- New approaches to uncover COPD pathobiology and develop therapies.JCI insight · 2026Review
- Association between prenatal ambient particulate matter and childhood asthma is modified by community safety and child sex.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- How I Teach Racial Categorization in Reference Equations Used to Interpret Spirometry.ATS scholar · 2025Article
- Hemoglobin as a mediator between air pollution and growth outcomes in children under 60 months: the moderating role of nutritional supplementation.BMC public health · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleApproximately 2.8 billion people are exposed daily to household air pollution from polluting cookstoves. The effects of prenatal household air pollution on lung development are unknown.
objectivesTo prospectively examine associations between prenatal household air pollution and infant lung function and pneumonia in rural Ghana.
methodsPrenatal household air pollution exposure was indexed by serial maternal carbon monoxide personal exposure measurements. Using linear regression, we examined associations between average prenatal carbon monoxide and infant lung function at age 30 days, first in the entire cohort (n = 384) and then stratified by sex. Quasi-Poisson generalized additive models explored associations between infant lung function and pneumonia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsMultivariable linear regression models showed that average prenatal carbon monoxide exposure was associated with reduced time to peak tidal expiratory flow to expiratory time (β = -0.004; P = 0.01), increased respiratory rate (β = 0.28; P = 0.01), and increased minute ventilation (β = 7.21; P = 0.05), considered separately, per 1 ppm increase in average prenatal carbon monoxide. Sex-stratified analyses suggested that girls were particularly vulnerable (time to peak tidal expiratory flow to expiratory time: β = -0.003, P = 0.05; respiratory rate: β = 0.36, P = 0.01; minute ventilation: β = 11.25, P = 0.01; passive respiratory compliance normalized for body weight: β = 0.005, P = 0.01). Increased respiratory rate at age 30 days was associated with increased risk for physician-assessed pneumonia (relative risk, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.04) and severe pneumonia (relative risk, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.08) in the first year of life.
conclusionsIncreased prenatal household air pollution exposure is associated with impaired infant lung function. Altered infant lung function may increase risk for pneumonia in the first year of life. These findings have implications for future respiratory health. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01335490).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.