Association of Autophagy Gene ATG16L1 Polymorphism with Human Prostate Cancer and Bladder Cancer in Turkish Population

Background: Urological cancers (prostate cancer and bladder cancers) are the most common cancers in Western population and its rate is increasing in the Eastern World. Autophagy has appeared as a fundamental repair mechanism for degrading damaged organelles and proteins. It was clear that autophagy gene polymorphisms are correlated with development of inflammatory bowel disease and it can also be related with prostate cancer (PCa) or bladder cancer (BCa). In this study, we aimed to determine if ATG16L1 (Thr300Ala) polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of developing PCa and BCa and to establish correlations between ATG16L1 genotypes and morphological parameters. Methods: This study included 269 healthy controls and 131 patients (62 PCa and 69 BCa) with PCa and BCa. The ATG16L1 (rs2241880) gene regions were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results: At the end of our research, we found out that the genotype AG was prevalent on patients and controls (34% vs 42%), followed by genotypes AA (35% vs 27%) and GG (31% vs 31%) in PCa. The prevalence of genotypes of AA (wild-type), AG (heterozygous mutant) and GG (homozygous mutant) profiles for the ATG16L1 Thr300Ala polymorphism were 35%, 40% and 25% respectively in BCa patients, and 32%, 40% and 28% respectively in healthy control groups. The G allele frequency was 0.53 for in BCa patients and the control groups. Conclusion: No association was found between ATG16L1 (Thr300Ala) polymorphism and patients with PCa and BCa in Turkish population we studied.