ReviewVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2018
The differential diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori negative gastritis.
Review in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytomegalovirus gastritis following immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis induced by ipilimumab and nivolumab therapy in a patient with renal cell carcinoma.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Gastric-like (pseudopyloric and pseudofoveolar) metaplasia and Paneth cell hyperplasia-neglected histological features of chronic ileal inflammation.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Trend of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Childhood: A Single-Center Experience.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Characteristics of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Gastritis: Report from a Major Tertiary Care Center.The oncologist · 2023Article
- Endoscopic findings in the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with Crohn's disease are common, highly specific, and associated with chronic gastritis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Value of Serological Biomarker Panel in Diagnosis of Atrophic Gastritis andMiddle East journal of digestive diseases · 2023Article
- The gastric microbiota in patients with Crohn's disease; a preliminary study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Natural Progression of Helicobacter pylori-Negative Gastritis with Lymphoid Follicles in Children: Prospective Evaluation and Outcome.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2021Article
- CytokineInternational journal of medical sciences · 2021Observational
- Review
- Autoimmune gastritis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gastric biopsies are often submitted with as clinical question Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. Regularly, the morphology suggests a HP infection but the organism is not detected in special stains. This review presents a practical approach to deal with such biopsies. The first step is to exclude a false negative result of the search for HP, by ensuring that both antral and oxyntic mucosa are present, by the use of sensitive stains, identification of marked reactive changes, such as intestinal, pseudo-pyloric, pancreatic metaplasia that may suggest a diagnosis of (HP associated or autoimmune) atrophic gastritis, and finally identification of signs of the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) as in such biopsies, HP may sometimes be found only within parietal cells. The differential diagnosis should include lymphocytic gastritis, other diseases affecting the stomach, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), vasculitis, granulomatous disease, viral infection, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) or more rarely Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, or other bacterial infections, such as Enterococcus and Treponema pallidum. Clinical input may be required to ensure the patient is not taking medication that may cause gastritis, such as antibiotics used for HP eradication or common medications that cause a form of gastropathy. When these have been excluded, a known cause has not been found and in such a case, the term idiopathic focal/diffuse gastritis can be used.
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