ArticleWorld journal of psychiatry2018
Drinking plain water is associated with decreased risk of depression and anxiety in adults: Results from a large cross-sectional study.
Article in World journal of psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Association between sleep duration and thirst in a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dietary Behavior and Risk of Depression: Effects of Ultra-Processed Food and Water Intake in a National Sample of the United States.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2026Article
- Article
- Effects of plain water intake before bedtime on sleep and depressive mood among middle-aged Japanese men.PloS one · 2026Article
- Preliminary behavioral differences between Spanish adults with suicidal ideation and control population.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Association between plain water intake and the risk of osteoporosis among middle-aged and elderly people in the United States: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Renal interoception in health and disease.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2024Review
- Non-invasive technology to assess hydration status in advanced cancer to explore relationships between fluid status and symptoms: an observational study using bioelectrical impedance analysis.BMC palliative care · 2024Observational
- Assessment of Dietary and Lifestyle Quality among the Romanian Population in the Post-Pandemic Period.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Serial mediation effect of physical activity and sleep quality between dietary behaviour and depression symptoms: A nationwide cross-sectional survey.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- The association between hydration state and the metabolism of phospholipids and amino acids among young adults: a metabolomic analysis.Current developments in nutrition · 2024Article
- Association of plain water intake with self-reported depression and suicidality among Korean adolescents.Epidemiology and health · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Development, validation and utilisation of dish-based dietary assessment tools: a scoping review.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo investigate the relation between plain water drinking and risk of depression and anxiety among a large sample of Iranian adults.
methodsA total of 3327 Iranian general adults were included in this cross-sectional study. Validated Iranian version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess anxiety and depression. Water consumption was assessed by asking about the number of glasses of water that consumed daily. Water consumption was categorized into < 2, 2-5, and ≥ 5 glasses of water/d.
resultsIn the crude model, the lowest level of water drinking (< 2 glasses/d) compared with reference group (≥ 5 glasses/d) doubled the risk of depression and anxiety (
conclusionWe found inverse associations between plain water consumption and depression. Also, these findings showed a tended risky association, but not statistically significant, between lower levels of water consumption and anxiety. These findings warrant evaluation in prospective and clinical trials studies to establish the plausible role of water in mental health status.
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