ReviewWorld journal of orthopedics2018
Robotic exoskeletons: The current pros and cons.
Review in World journal of orthopedics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06137456 (First Report of a New Exoskeleton in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 56 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
First Report of a New Exoskeleton in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: FreeGait®
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Robotic arm use for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Satisfaction analysis of overground gait exoskeletons in people with neurological pathology. a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Pooled it
- Upper limb soft robotic wearable devices: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2022Pooled it
- Artificial Intelligence-Based Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons for Upper Limb Rehabilitation: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review on wearable lower-limb exoskeletons for gait training in neuromuscular impairments.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2021Pooled it
- Adaptive control ankle robotics training durably improves gait biomechanics in chronic hemiparetic stroke and footdrop.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effects of robotic-assisted gait training on the central vascular health of individuals with spinal cord injury: A pilot study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2021Trial
- Mechanisms of gait phase entrainment in healthy subjects during rhythmic electrical stimulation of the medial gastrocnemius.PloS one · 2020Trial
- A pilot randomized controlled trial protocol of overground robotic exoskeleton-assisted early ambulation after cardiovascular and thoracic surgery in the acute care setting (REACT-CVTS).Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2026Article
- Merging neural stimulation and exoskeletons to enhance sensorimotor hand functions after brain or spinal cord injury.Science advances · 2026Article
- Wearable Robots for Rehabilitation and Assistance of Gait: A Narrative Review.Annals of rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- Design and Demonstration of a Hybrid FES-BCI-Based Robotic Neurorehabilitation System for Lower Limbs.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The use of exoskeleton robotic training on lower extremity function in spinal cord injuries: A systematic review.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Review
- A Bionic Knee Exoskeleton Design with Variable Stiffness via Rope-Based Artificial Muscle Actuation.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Repair mechanisms of the central nervous system: From axon sprouting to remyelination.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- Consumer views of functional electrical stimulation and robotic exoskeleton in SCI rehabilitation: A mini review.Artificial organs · 2025Review
- Personalized Stem Cell-Based Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury Care.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Myoelectric Control in Rehabilitative and Assistive Soft Exoskeletons: A Comprehensive Review of Trends, Challenges, and Integration with Soft Robotic Devices.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cardiac Function and Fatigue During Exoskeleton-Assisted Sit-to-Stand Maneuver and Walking in People with Stroke with Moderate to Severe Gait Disability: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Robotic exoskeletons have emerged as rehabilitation tool that may ameliorate several of the existing health-related consequences after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, evidence to support its clinical application is still lacking considering their prohibitive cost. The current mini-review is written to highlight the main limitations and potential benefits of using exoskeletons in the rehabilitation of persons with SCI. We have recognized two main areas relevant to the design of exoskeletons and to their applications on major health consequences after SCI. The design prospective refers to safety concerns, fitting time and speed of exoskeletons. The health prospective refers to factors similar to body weight, physical activity, pressure injuries and bone health. Clinical trials are currently underway to address some of these limitations and to maximize the benefits in rehabilitation settings. Future directions highlight the need to use exoskeletons in conjunction with other existing and emerging technologies similar to functional electrical stimulation and brain-computer interface to address major limitations. Exoskeletons have the potential to revolutionize rehabilitation following SCI; however, it is still premature to make solid recommendations about their clinical use after SCI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.