ArticleBMJ open2018
Prevalence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain (the DIADEMA Study) : results from the MADIABETES cohort.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and coexisting depression, anxiety and/or stress in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Bidirectional association between depression and diabetic nephropathy by meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Altered White Matter Microstructures in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Possible Involvement of Vitamin C in Periodontal Disease-Diabetes Mellitus Association.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Prescription Digital Therapeutic in Type 2 Diabetes.Advances in therapy · 2024Trial
- Factors associated with patient empowerment in Spanish adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional analysis.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2022Trial
- Increased Patient Empowerment Is Associated with Improvement in Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Findings from the INDICA Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- One-year intensive lifestyle intervention and improvements in health-related quality of life and mental health in persons with type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis of the U-TURN randomized controlled trial.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2021Trial
- Pooled prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Clinically relevant depression in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes; a nationwide study (TEMD-2 depression).Endocrine · 2026Article
- Global and regional level association between depression and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- Depressive symptoms and associated factors among patients with diabetes in public primary healthcare facilities in Kuwait city, 2024.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- When climate crisis hits home: mental health of elderly with type 2 diabetes amidst floods in Brazil.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Association between walking speed and multimorbidity patterns in community-dwelling older adults with diabetes and/or hypertension: a latent class analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- Combined symptoms of diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety and their association with glycemic control in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes in Egypt.Diabetology international · 2025Article
- Psychosocial and clinical factors associated with depression among diabetic patients in Amhara region comprehensive specialized hospitals, Ethiopia, 2022; a multicenter prevalence study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Relationship between sleep quality and depression in people with type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Development of chitosan lipid nanoparticles to alleviate the pharmacological activity of piperine in the management of cognitive deficit in diabetic rats.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prevalence of depression among diabetic patients attending the Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia: A prospective cross-sectional study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- The Hidden Burden-Exploring Depression Risk in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the prevalence of depression in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to identify sociodemographic, clinical and psychological factors associated with depression in this population. Additionally, we examine the annual incidence rate of depression among patients with T2DM.
methodsWe performed a large prospective cohort study of patients with T2DM from the Madrid Diabetes Study. The first recruitment drive included 3443 patients. The second recruitment drive included 727 new patients. Data have been collected since 2007 (baseline visit) and annually during the follow-up period (since 2008).
resultsDepression was prevalent in 20.03% of patients (n=592; 95% CI 18.6% to 21.5%) and was associated with previous personal history of depression (OR 6.482; 95% CI 5.138 to 8.178), mental health status below mean (OR 1.423; 95% CI 1.452 to 2.577), neuropathy (OR 1.951; 95% CI 1.423 to 2.674), fair or poor self-reported health status (OR 1.509; 95% CI 1.209 to 1.882), treatment with oral antidiabetic agents plus insulin (OR 1.802; 95% CI 1.364 to 2.380), female gender (OR 1.333; 95% CI 1.009 to 1.761) and blood cholesterol level (OR 1.005; 95% CI 1.002 to 1.009). The variables inversely associated with depression were: being in employment (OR 0.595; 95% CI 0.397 to 0.894), low physical activity (OR 0.552; 95% CI 0.408 to 0.746), systolic blood pressure (OR 0.982; 95% CI 0.971 to 0.992) and social support (OR 0.978; 95% CI 0.963 to 0.993). In patients without depression at baseline, the incidence of depression after 1 year of follow-up was 1.20% (95% CI 1.11% to 2.81%).
conclusionsDepression is very prevalent among patients with T2DM and is associated with several key diabetes-related outcomes. Our results suggest that previous mental status, self-reported health status, gender and several diabetes-related complications are associated with differences in the degree of depression. These findings should alert practitioners to the importance of detecting depression in patients with T2DM.
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