Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30249337›Full record

Trial reportAmerican journal of surgery2018

Stereotype threat and working memory among surgical residents.

Laurel A Milam, Geoffrey L Cohen, Claudia Mueller, Arghavan Salles

Erratum issuedAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in American journal of surgery, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Laurel A MilamWashington University in St. Louis, Department of Surgery, 660 Euclid Box 8109, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Geoffrey L CohenStanford University, Department of Psychology, Jordan Hall, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Claudia MuellerStanford Health Care, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Arghavan SallesStanford Health Care, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. Electronic address: arghavan@alumni.stanford.edu.

Funding

Stanford Center for Clinical and Translational Education and Research (SCCTER)KL2KL2RR025743 · NCRR · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GREENBERG, HARRY BERNARD · 2008 to 2011
$1.9M
NCRR NIH HHS KL2 RR025743
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStereotype threat is a situational threat in which a member of a stereotyped group fears conforming to a negative stereotype. In this study, we examined the impact of stereotype threat on surgical performance and working memory among surgical residents.

methodsResidents at one institution were randomized to either the threat condition or the no-threat condition. We administered the Vandenberg Mental Rotation Test and the reading span task to assess residents' mental rotation and working memory, respectively.

results102 residents participated in this study (response rate 61%). In multivariable analysis, we found significant gender differences. Men outperformed women in mental rotation, and women outperformed men in working memory. There was no effect of condition on performance on the mental rotation or working memory test.

conclusionsNo effect of condition on either test suggests that high-achieving women may be less susceptible to stereotype threat. This could be due to self-selection or adapted resilience, or women in this context may be more qualified to reach the same level of achievement as their male colleagues.

Indexed as

Clinical CompetenceInternship and ResidencyMemory, Short-TermSelf ConceptStereotypingAdultCaliforniaFearFemaleHumansLinear ModelsMalePhysicians, WomenResilience, PsychologicalSex FactorsSexismGenderMental rotationResidentStereotype threatWorking memory

Identifiers

PMID30249337
PMCPMC6716970

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.