ReviewTrends in hearing
An Integrative Model Accounting for the Symptom Cluster Triggered After an Acoustic Shock.
Review in Trends in hearing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conservative management of functional middle ear disorders: a systematic review with narrative synthesis and conceptual clinical framework.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Advances in Pharmacological Approaches to Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: Insights into Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Clinical Heterogeneity from an International Scientific Meeting.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Clinical phenotype and management of sound-induced pain: Insights from adults with pain hyperacusis.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- Unravelling the Silence: Exploring Tinnitus Pathophysiology and the Promise of Traditional Chinese Medicine.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Alarming Signal from the Ear: Tinnitus, a Possible Epiphenomenon of Silent Hyperlipidaemia.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Clinical phenotype and management of sound-induced pain: Insights from adults with pain hyperacusis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Temporal bone marrow of the rat and its connections to the inner ear.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Are Whiplash-Associated Disorders and Temporomandibular Disorders in a Trauma Related Cause and Effect Relationship? A Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- A Prospective Study to Elucidate the Efficacy of 4 Oral Prednisolone Regimens in Acute Acoustic Trauma.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2022Article
- Clinical Findings That Differentiate Co-Occurrence of Hyperacusis and Tinnitus from Tinnitus Alone.Yonsei medical journal · 2022Article
- A Phenotypic Comparison of Loudness and Pain Hyperacusis: Symptoms, Comorbidity, and Associated Features in a Multinational Patient Registry.American journal of audiology · 2021Article
- Multidisciplinary Tinnitus Research: Challenges and Future Directions From the Perspective of Early Stage Researchers.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Review
- Interaction of auditory and pain pathways: Effects of stimulus intensity, hearing loss and opioid signaling.Hearing research · 2020Article
- Tympanic Resonance Hypothesis.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acoustic shocks and traumas sometimes result in a cluster of debilitating symptoms, including tinnitus, hyperacusis, ear fullness and tension, dizziness, and pain in and outside the ear. The mechanisms underlying this large variety of symptoms remain elusive. In this article, we elaborate on the hypothesis that the tensor tympani muscle (TTM), the trigeminal nerve (TGN), and the trigeminal cervical complex (TCC) play a central role in generating these symptoms. We argue that TTM overuse (due to the acoustic shock), TTM overload (due to muscle tension), and ultimately, TTM injury (due to hypoxia and "energy crisis") lead to inflammation, thereby activating the TGN, TCC, and cortex. The TCC is a crossroad structure integrating sensory inputs coming from the head-neck complex (including the middle ear) and projecting back to it. The multimodal integration of the TCC may then account for referred pain outside the ear when the middle ear is inflamed and activates the TGN. We believe that our model proposes a synthetic and explanatory framework to explain the phenomena occurring postacoustic shock and potentially also after other nonauditory causes. Indeed, due to the bidirectional properties of the TCC, musculoskeletal disorders in the region of the head-neck complex, including neck injury due to whiplash or temporomandibular disorders, may impact the middle ear, thereby leading to otic symptoms. This previously unavailable model type is experimentally testable and must be taken as a starting point for identifying the mechanisms responsible for this particular subtype of tinnitus and its associated symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.