ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
Glioblastoma Chemoresistance: The Double Play by Microenvironment and Blood-Brain Barrier.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Targeted delivery of small noncoding RNA for glioblastoma.Cancer letters · 2021Pooled it
- Modeling blood-brain barrier-glioblastoma interactions: implications for chemoresistance and therapeutic targeting.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Review
- DoE-Optimized Chitosan-Coated pH-Sensitive Liposomes for Targeted Nose-to-Brain Delivery of Temozolomide.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Inhibition of cell surface GRP78 on brain tumors reverses drug resistance and stops cancer stem cell expansion.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Effective approaches in conquering chemoresistance of glioblastoma: potential for nanoformulations.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Overcoming Chemoresistance in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Strategies, and Functional Precision Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gold Nanoparticle-Based Precision Medicine Strategies for Glioblastoma: Current Biomedical Applications and Future Outlook.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hypoxic Endothelial-Cell-Derived Exosomal lnc-DKK3 Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages via USP47/PD-L1/RelA Axis to Promote Glioma Progression.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Glioblastoma insights: Focus on crosstalk with the suppressive tumor microenvironment and advanced therapeutic strategies.Medicine · 2025Review
- Microglial Inflammatory Response in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment in Preclinical Models.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Recombination between fragile regions associated with chromosomal rearrangements in glioblastoma can be mediated by RAGs.iScience · 2025Article
- Nanoparticle‑based delivery systems for targeted therapy in brain tumors: Progress, challenges and perspectives (Review).International journal of oncology · 2025Review
- Dynamic Hydrogels: Adaptive Biomaterials for Engineering Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Polysialylation of Glioblastoma Cells Is Regulated by Autophagy Under Nutrient Deprivation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Sea Cucumber-Derived Bioactives in the Prevention and Management of Brain-Related Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.Marine drugs · 2025Review
- Targeting Bcl-xL with Navitoclax Effectively Eliminates Senescent Tumor Cells That Appear Following CEP-1347-Induced Differentiation of Glioma Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- LncRNA H19 acts as a ceRNA to promote glioblastoma malignancy by sponging miR-19b-3p and upregulating SERPINE1.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Regulation of the brain tumor microenvironment by focused ultrasound.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Review
- Insights of immune cell heterogeneity, tumor-initiated subtype transformation, drug resistance, treatment and detecting technologies in glioma microenvironment.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For glioblastoma, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is pivotal to support tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. TME consists of several types of stromal, endothelial and immune cells, which are recruited by cancer stem cells (CSCs) to influence CSC phenotype and behavior. TME also promotes the establishment of specific conditions such as hypoxia and acidosis, which play a critical role in glioblastoma chemoresistance, interfering with angiogenesis, apoptosis, DNA repair, oxidative stress, immune escape, expression and activity of multi-drug resistance (MDR)-related genes. Finally, the blood brain barrier (BBB), which insulates the brain microenvironment from the blood, is strongly linked to the drug-resistant phenotype of glioblastoma, being a major physical and physiological hurdle for the delivery of chemotherapy agents into the brain. Here, we review the features of the glioblastoma microenvironment, focusing on their involvement in the phenomenon of chemoresistance; we also summarize recent advances in generating systems to modulate or bypass the BBB for drug delivery into the brain. Genetic aspects associated with glioblastoma chemoresistance and current immune-based strategies, such as checkpoint inhibitor therapy, are described too.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.