ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2018
Fat-Water Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Validation: A Flexible and Scalable Protocol.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase-Sensitive Modeling Improves Fat DESPOT Multiparametric Relaxation Mapping in Fat-Water Mixtures.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Fat/Water Separation at 7 T Using a 3D Radial Sequence With Quasi-Continuous Echo Times.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- A Flexible Approach for Fat-Water Separation With Bipolar Readouts and Correction of Gradient-Induced Phase and Amplitude Effects.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Fat Content Quantification with US Attenuation Coefficient: Phantom Correlation with MRI Proton Density Fat Fraction.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A dedicated phantom for exploring the interplay of fat and paramagnetic substances in quantitative susceptibility mapping.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Leveraging dixon-based magnetic resonance imaging for pelvic bone marrow imaging in radiotherapy.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2025Article
- Concurrent water TMagnetic resonance imaging · 2025Article
- Fatty acid composition MRI of epicardial adipose tissue: Methods and detection of proinflammatory biomarkers in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025 · on this mapArticle
- Reproducibility of proton density fat fraction assessment of thigh muscle in a multi-site, multi-vendor cohort study at 10 years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Parameter optimization for proton density fat fraction quantification in skeletal muscle tissue at 7 T.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Effect of particle size on liver MRIMagnetic resonance in medicine · 2024Article
- Linearity and bias of proton density fat fraction across the full dynamic range of 0-100%: a multiplatform, multivendor phantom study using 1.5T and 3T MRI at two sites.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Single-sided magnetic resonance-based sensor for point-of-care evaluation of muscle.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Trajectory correction enables free-running chemical shift encoded imaging for accurate cardiac proton-density fat fraction quantification at 3T.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2024 · on this mapArticle
- Quantitative MRI of diffuse liver diseases: techniques and tissue-mimicking phantoms.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Review
- Free-Breathing Liver Fat, R₂* and B₀ Field Mapping Using Multi-Echo Radial FLASH and Regularized Model-Based Reconstruction.IEEE transactions on medical imaging · 2023Article
- Comparison of image quality and depiction of microscopic fat at 2-D and 3-D T1-Weighted (T1W) chemical shift (dual-echo) MRI for evaluation of adrenal adenomas.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2022Article
- Real-time assessment of liver fat content using a filter-based Raman system operating under ambient light through lock-in amplification.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- A comparison of emulsifiers for the formation of oil-in-water emulsions: stability of the emulsions within 9 h after production and MR signal properties.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Tissue-mimicking phantom materials with tunable optical properties suitable for assessment of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy during electrosurgery.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As new techniques are developed to image adipose tissue, methods to validate such protocols are becoming increasingly important. Phantoms, experimental replicas of a tissue or organ of interest, provide a low cost, flexible solution. However, without access to expensive and specialized equipment, constructing stable phantoms with high fat fractions (e.g., >50% fat fraction levels such as those seen in brown adipose tissue) can be difficult due to the hydrophobic nature of lipids. This work presents a detailed, low cost protocol for creating 5x 100 mL phantoms with fat fractions of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% using basic lab supplies (hotplate, beakers, etc.) and easily accessible components (distilled water, agar, water-soluble surfactant, sodium benzoate, gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentacetate (DTPA) contrast agent, peanut oil, and oil-soluble surfactant). The protocol was designed to be flexible; it can be used to create phantoms with different fat fractions and a wide range of volumes. Phantoms created with this technique were evaluated in the feasibility study that compared the fat fraction values from fat-water magnetic resonance imaging to the target values in the constructed phantoms. This study yielded a concordance correlation coefficient of 0.998 (95% confidence interval: 0.972-1.00). In summary, these studies demonstrate the utility of fat phantoms for validating adipose tissue imaging techniques across a range of clinically relevant tissues and organs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.