ArticleCancer2018
Gendered and racialized social expectations, barriers, and delayed breast cancer diagnosis.
Article in Cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Navigated African American breast cancer patients as incidental change agents in their family/friend networks.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2022Trial
- "It's Not Just Cost": Barriers to Mammography Screening Access Among Low-income Women in the United States-A Scoping Review.Journal of cancer prevention · 2026Review
- Scoping review of patient and family engagement interventions in diagnosis: a paradox of too much, yet so little.BMJ quality & safety · 2026Article
- Differences in healthcare institution choice among elderly cancer patients: evidence from a cross-sectional study in Shandong Province, China.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Unpacking rural Heterogeneity: A proof-of-concept study of how varying rural contexts shape breast cancer screening behaviors.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Perceived everyday discrimination, socioeconomic status, and mammography behavior.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Social Determinants of Cancer Disparities.Annals of surgical oncology · 2023Review
- Understanding Breast Cancer Disparities Affecting Black Women: Obtaining Diverse Perspectives Through Focus Groups Comprised of Patients, Providers, and Others.Journal of community health · 2023Article
- The Integration of Value Assessment and Social Network Methods for Breast Health Navigation Among African Americans.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2023Article
- Sister, Give Me Your Hand: a Qualitative Focus Group Study on Beliefs and Barriers to Mammography Screening in Black Women During the COVID-19 Era.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Review
- Delays in Follow-up Care for Abnormal Mammograms in Mobile Mammography Versus Fixed-Clinic Patients.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- Patterns of National Cancer Institute-Sponsored Clinical Trial Enrollment in Black Adolescents and Young Adults.Cancer medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Access to Care as a Barrier to Mammography for Black Women.Policy, politics & nursing practice · 2021Article
- Improving the Prediction of Benign or Malignant Breast Masses Using a Combination of Image Biomarkers and Clinical Parameters.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Mapping of Female Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates to Socioeconomic Factors Cohort: Path Diagram Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2021Observational
- The gender gap and healthcare: associations between gender roles and factors affecting healthcare access in Central Malawi, June-August 2017.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2020Article
- Disparities in mortality-to-incidence ratios by race/ethnicity for female breast cancer in New York City, 2002-2016.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
- Delayed Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea Associated With Ethmoidal Encephalocele After Resection of Remote Meningioma.Cureus · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlack women are more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage of breast cancer in part due to barriers to timely screening mammography, resulting in poorer mortality and survival outcomes. Patient navigation that helps to overcome barriers to the early detection of breast cancer is an effective intervention for reducing breast cancer disparity. However, the ability to recognize and seek help to overcome barriers may be affected by gendered and racialized social expectations of women.
methodsData from a randomized controlled trial, the Patient Navigation in Medically Underserved Areas study, were used. The likelihood of obtaining a follow-up screening mammogram was compared between women who identified ≥1 barriers and those who did not.
resultsOf the 3754 women who received the Patient Navigation in Medically Underserved Areas navigation intervention, approximately 14% identified ≥ 1 barriers, which led to additional navigator contacts. Consequently, those women who reported barriers were more likely to obtain a subsequent screening mammogram. Black women, women living in poverty, and women with a higher level of distrust were less likely to report barriers.
conclusionsMinority women living in poverty have always been the source of social support for others. However, gendered and racialized social expectations may affect the ways in which women seek help for their own health needs. A way to improve the effectiveness of navigation would be to recognize how minority women's gender images and expectations could shape how they seek help and support. A report of no barriers does not always translate into no problems. Proactive approaches to identify potential barriers may be beneficial.
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Registered trials
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