ReviewActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B2018
Human carboxylesterases: a comprehensive review.
Review in Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 202 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
202 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 503 citations in OpenAlex.
- Update on antithrombotic therapy and body mass: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2024Pooled it
- Randomized evaluation of the loss-of-function carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) G143E variant on clopidogrel and ticagrelor pharmacodynamics.Clinical and translational science · 2024Trial
- A Comparison of the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Dapagliflozin Formate, an Ester Prodrug of Dapagliflozin, to Dapagliflozin Propanediol Monohydrate in Healthy Subjects.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Trial
- Inhibiting menin attenuates high-fat diet-induced weight gain by limiting intestinal lipid absorption in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Soft drugs: design principles and topical applications.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- StagX1, an isoquinolinone compound, selectively targets CES1-positive Ewing sarcoma cells as a potential therapeutic agent.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Do We Still Need Chemistry for Water-Soluble Prodrugs? What Biocatalysis Already Does, and What It Does Not.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Hyperpolarization of PyridineAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Endurance exercise elicits a hepatic memory associated with improved metabolic function and protein secretion.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota Alter Colonic Expression of Genes Encoding Drug Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Identification of key metabolic enzymes involved in the activation of obeldesivir and remdesivir to the active triphosphate metabolite.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- A Fluorescent Probe for Carboxylesterases Detection in Estradiol Valerate-Treated Inflammation Alleviation.Journal of fluorescence · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review on Irinotecan-Induced Delayed Diarrhea: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Options.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Protein Abundance of Hydrolytic Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Different Tissues and across Species.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association study of cocaine self-administration behavior in Heterogeneous Stock rats.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Capecitabine Bioactivation Genes and Their Contribution to Breast Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Berkeleylactam A-Total Synthesis andACS omega · 2026Article
- Exposure to Urinary and Dust Parabens: Compound-Specific Risks for Pediatric Respiratory Allergic Phenotypes.Toxics · 2026Article
- Cross-Platform Transcriptomic Analysis of 40 Human and Rodent Skeletal Muscle Exerkines.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gut Bacterium Lysinibacillus Sphaericus Exacerbates Aspirin-induced Intestinal Injury by Production of Carboxylesterase EstB.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
142 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mammalian carboxylesterases (CEs) are key enzymes from the serine hydrolase superfamily. In the human body, two predominant carboxylesterases (CES1 and CES2) have been identified and extensively studied over the past decade. These two enzymes play crucial roles in the metabolism of a wide variety of endogenous esters, ester-containing drugs and environmental toxicants. The key roles of CES in both human health and xenobiotic metabolism arouse great interest in the discovery of potent CES modulators to regulate endobiotic metabolism or to improve the efficacy of ester drugs. This review covers the structural and catalytic features of CES, tissue distributions, biological functions, genetic polymorphisms, substrate specificities and inhibitor properties of CES1 and CES2, as well as the significance and recent progress on the discovery of CES modulators. The information presented here will help pharmacologists explore the relevance of CES to human diseases or to assign the contribution of certain CES in xenobiotic metabolism. It will also facilitate medicinal chemistry efforts to design prodrugs activated by a given CES isoform, or to develop potent and selective modulators of CES for potential biomedical applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.