ArticleDifferentiation; research in biological diversity
Macroscopic whole-mounts of the developing human fetal urogenital-genital tract: Indifferent stage to male and female differentiation.
Article in Differentiation; research in biological diversity. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The human ovarian reserve: the narrative and the science.Human reproduction update · 2026Review
- The Impact of Congenital Anomalies of the Male and Female Reproductive Organs on Infertility and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Human Sexual Development in the Somatic and Psychosexual Context.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Management of High Urogenital Sinus in Adults: A Scoping Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Neurovascular anatomy of the developing human fetal penis and clitoris.Journal of anatomy · 2024Article
- Urogenital sinus malformation: From development to management.Intractable & rare diseases research · 2023Review
- Congenital Micropenis: Etiology And Management.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Review
- Human urogenital sinus mesenchyme is an inducer of prostatic epithelial development.American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2021Article
- Sonographic measure techniques of fetal penile length.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2020Article
- Development of the human prostate.Differentiation; research in biological diversityReview
- The embryology of persistent cloaca and urogenital sinus malformations.Asian journal of andrologyReview
- Immunohistochemical expression analysis of the human fetal lower urogenital tract.Differentiation; research in biological diversityArticle
- Histological Analysis of the Prostate During the Human Fetal Period (12 to 22 Weeks Post-Conception).International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
- Three-dimensional imaging of the developing human fetal urogenital-genital tract: Indifferent stage to male and female differentiation.Differentiation; research in biological diversityArticle
- Development of the human penis and clitoris.Differentiation; research in biological diversityArticle
- Estrogens and development of the mouse and human external genitalia.Differentiation; research in biological diversityReview
- Human glans and preputial development.Differentiation; research in biological diversityArticle
- Ontogeny of estrogen receptors in human male and female fetal reproductive tracts.Differentiation; research in biological diversityReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We present a detailed review of fetal development of the male and female human urogenital tract from 8 to 22 weeks gestation at the macroscopic and morphometric levels. Human fetal specimens were sexed based on macroscopic identification of fetal testes or ovaries, Wolffian or Müllerian structures and the presence of the SRY gene in the specimens at or near the indifferent stage (8-9 weeks). Specimens were photographed using a dissecting microscope with transmitted and reflected light. Morphometric measurements were taken of each urogenital organ. During this time period, development of the male and female urogenital tracts proceeded from the indifferent stage to differentiated organs. The kidneys, ureters, and bladder developed identically, irrespective of sex with the same physical dimensions and morphologic appearance. The penis, prostate and testis developed in males and the clitoris, uterus and ovary in females. Androgen-dependent growth certainly influenced size and morphology of the penile urethra and prostate, however, androgen-independent growth also accounted for substantial growth in the fetal urogenital tract including the clitoris.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.