ArticleBMJ open2018
Education, sex and risk of stroke: a prospective cohort study in New South Wales, Australia.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stroke Riskometer Application (SRA™) influence on lifestyle changes of home bound familial Malaysian stroke caregivers: a randomised controlled trial in a primary care based longer term stroke care facility.BMC primary care · 2023Trial
- Educational level and cardiovascular outcomes in patients hospitalized with first-detected atrial fibrillation: a Swedish nationwide cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Observational
- In-hospital survival and predictors of mortality among stroke patients at a tertiary hospital in Ghana: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Autonomous Self-Evolving Research on Biomedical Data: The DREAM Paradigm.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Status and Stroke: A Review of the Latest Evidence on Inequalities and Their Drivers.Stroke · 2025Review
- Burdens of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages in 184 countries.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Risk factors analysis and nomograph model construction of unplanned readmission for ischemic stroke within 31 days in Wenzhou.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Association of aortic valve calcium with dementia and stroke: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis · 2024Article
- Age at natural menopause and development of chronic diseases in the female population of Kharameh, Iran: A historical cohort study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Time-lagged associations between two adverse childhood experiences and later-life cognitive function through educational attainment and stroke.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024Article
- The Role of Modifying Risk Factors as Well as Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Hip to Waist Ratio as Anthropometric Indicators and Parameters of Obesity in the Occurence of Stroke.Materia socio-medica · 2024Article
- Educational attainment, severity and short-term prognosis of intracerebral haemorrhage.BMJ neurology open · 2024Article
- Neuroinvasion of emerging and re-emerging arboviruses: A scoping review.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Modifiable risk factors that mediate the effect of educational attainment on the risk of stroke: a network Mendelian randomization study.Molecular brain · 2023Article
- Clinical and Imaging Phenotypes and Outcomes in a Costa Rican Cohort of Acute Ischemic Stroke Survivors: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Eating Behaviors, Lifestyle, and Ischemic Stroke: A Lebanese Case-Control Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Development, validation, and visualization of a novel nomogram to predict stroke risk in patients.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- The importance of setting and therapeutic relationships when delivering chiropractic care to those living with disadvantage.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2022Observational
- Physicians, prescribe education to address population health equity.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Genetically predicted higher educational attainment decreases the risk of stroke: a multivariable Mendelian randomization study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether the association between highest educational attainment and stroke differed by sex and age; and whether potential mediators of observed associations differ by sex.
designProspective cohort study.
settingPopulation based, New South Wales, Australia.
participants253 657 stroke-free participants from the New South Wales 45 and Up Study. OUTCOME MEASURES: First-ever stroke events, identified through linkage to hospital and mortality records.
resultsDuring mean follow-up of 4.7 years, 2031 and 1528 strokes occurred among men and women, respectively. Age-standardised stroke rate was inversely associated with education level, with the absolute risk difference between the lowest and highest education group greater among women than men. In relative terms, stroke risk was slightly more pronounced in women than men when comparing low versus high education (age-adjusted HRs: 1.41, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.71 and 1.25, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.46, respectively), but there was no clear evidence of statistical interaction. This association persisted into older age, but attenuated. Much of the increased stroke risk was explained by modifiable lifestyle factors, in both men and women.
conclusionLow education is associated with increased stroke risk in men and women, and may be marginally steeper in women than men. This disadvantage attenuates but persists into older age, particularly for women. Modifiable risk factors account for much of the excess risk from low education level. Public health policy and governmental decision-making should reflect the importance of education, for both men and women, for positive health throughout the life course.
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