ArticleKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2019
Highly variable tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance (TT-TG) in osteoarthritic knees should be considered when performing TKA.
Article in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tibia rotational alignment in total knee arthroplasty: Delphi consensus statements from European Knee Society (EKS).Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Osteoarthritic knees have a highly variable patellofemoral alignment: a systematic review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2021Pooled it
- Healthy knees have a highly variable patellofemoral alignment: a systematic review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2020Pooled it
- Quadriceps tendon malalignment is an independent anatomical deformity which is the primary abnormality associated with lateral facet patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Excessive femoral torsion is not associated with patellofemoral pain or instability if TKA is functionally aligned and the patella denervated.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Mismatch between trochlear coronal alignment of arthritic knees and currently available prosthesis: a morphological analysis of 4116 knees and 45 implant designs.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Decrease of tibial tuberosity trochlear groove distance following mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Femoral Anteversion Measured by the Surgical Transepicondylar Axis Is Correlated with the Tibial Tubercle-Roman Arch Distance in Patients with Lateral Patellar Dislocation.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Tibial tubercle-Roman arch (TT-RA) distance is superior to tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance when evaluating coronal malalignment in patients with knee osteoarthritis.European radiology · 2022Article
- Different tibial rotational axes can be applied in combination according to the tibial tuberosity-posterior cruciate ligament distance in total knee arthroplasty.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- High inter- and intraindividual differences in medial and lateral posterior tibial slope are not reproduced accurately by conventional TKA alignment techniques.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2022Article
- Tibial Derotational Osteotomy for Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review.Advances in orthopedics · 2022Article
- Change of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance during total knee arthroplasty had no influence on clinical outcome and anterior knee pain.International orthopaedics · 2021Article
- The patellofemoral morphology and the normal predicted value of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance in the Chinese population.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2021Article
- Accuracy of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance and tibial tuberosity-posterior cruciate ligament distance in terms of the severity of trochlear dysplasia.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2021Article
- Increased femoral antetorsion correlates with higher degrees of lateral retropatellar cartilage degeneration, further accentuated in genu valgum.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2021Article
- The sagittal geometry of the trochlear groove could be described as a circle: an intraoperative assessment with navigation.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2021Article
- Varus inclination of the tibia is related to patellofemoral osteoarthritis in Japanese female patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2021Article
- Methods of intra- and post-operative determination of the position of the tibial component during total knee replacement.International orthopaedics · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance (TT-TG) is an established measurement to assist diagnosis and treatment of patellofemoral instability. However, little is known about the distribution of TT-TG in osteoarthritic knees. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the TT-TG in a large cohort of osteoarthritic knees and to analyse, in particular, the association of knee alignment and TT-TG.
methodsData from 962 consecutive patients [455 male, 507 female; mean age ± SD 70.8 ± 9.3 (37-96)] who had undergone 3D-CT and preoperative knee planning with validated commercial 3D planning software before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were collected prospectively. The TT-TG, coronal hip knee ankle angle (HKA), femoral anteversion (AVF), external tibial torsion (ETT), and femorotibial rotation (Rot FT) were analysed. Pearson correlations were performed to assess correlations between TT-TG, mechanical axis, and rotational parameters (p < 0.05).
resultsHKA showed a strong correlation with TT-TG (r = 0.488; p < 0.001) with 98 (67.1%) and 45 (30.8%) of valgus knees having respective abnormal and pathological TT-TG values. There were no significant correlations between parameters of rotational alignment (AVF, ETT, Rot FT) and TT-TG. Mean TT-TG was 12.9 ± 5.6 mm, ranging from 0.0 to 33.7 mm. 325 (33.8%) of all patients had abnormal (> 15 mm) and 101 (10.5%) had pathological (> 20 mm) values. A varus alignment was present in 716 (74.4%) of the cases (HKA < - 1.5°), a neutral alignment in 100 (10.4%), and a valgus alignment in 146 (15.2%) (HKA > 1.5°).
conclusionA wide variation of TT-TG values in osteoarthritic knees was shown by our results. There was a relevant influence of coronal limb alignment on the TT-TG-the more valgus the higher and more pathological the TT-TG. With the aim of having a more personalised TKA, the individual TT-TG should be taken into account to improve the outcome. LEVEL OF CLINICAL EVIDENCE: III. Retrospective cohort study.
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