Observational studyScientific reports2018
Validation of the Sleep Regularity Index in Older Adults and Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 116 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Non-Pharmacological Sleep Interventions in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- The Effects of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation of the Brain on Sleep: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Telomere dynamics are influenced by sleep, sleep variability and circadian rhythms in older adults with or without alzheimer's risk.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Trial
- Association between dim light melatonin onset predicted from gene expression profiles with sleep time and chronotype preference: A pilot study.Chronobiology international · 2025Trial
- Changes in fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to changes in sleep characteristics over a 3-month period among young adults.Sleep health · 2021Trial
- Trial
- When sleep daily rhythm meets the eye: sleep regularity as a behavioral signal of ocular aging.Sleep · 2026Article
- Article
- Rationale and protocol for time-based energy intake goals within an obesity care lifestyle intervention: Daily eating patterns for total health study.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- Breaking the nap habit: one-year nap restriction mitigates memory decline in older adults.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Association of Rest-Activity Rhythm and Sleep Regularity With Cardiometabolic Disease in the CARDIA Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Sex- and Ethnic Differences in the Cross-sectional Association Between Sleep Regularity and Obesity Among US Adults, NHANES 2011-2014.Journal of biological rhythms · 2026Article
- Health Related Quality of Life and Sleep Regularity Among Middle-Aged to Older Adults From the Community.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Food Insecurity and Housing Insecurity Associated With Decreased Sleep Regularity in Adolescents.Academic pediatrics · 2026Article
- Nonlinear relationship between sleep midpoint and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study in US adults.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Sleep regularity, circadian rhythms, and chronotype as mechanisms of risk for affective dysregulation in female adolescents.Development and psychopathology · 2026Article
- Chronic random sleep deprivation causes prolonged pain hypersensitivity via the anterior cingulate cortex.iScience · 2026Article
- The Sleep Regularity Index: A New Way to Evaluate Shiftwork Schedules.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Single-arm pilot study of racial differences in sleep extension intervention outcomes among middle-aged adults at risk for metabolic syndrome.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Association of dietary phytochemical index with sleep quality in older adults of Amirkola city.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sleep disturbances, including insufficient sleep duration and circadian misalignment, confer risk for cardiometabolic disease. Less is known about the association between the regularity of sleep/wake schedules and cardiometabolic risk. This study evaluated the external validity of a new metric, the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI), among older adults (n = 1978; mean age 68.7 ± 9.2), as well as relationships between the SRI and cardiometabolic risk using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Results indicated that sleep irregularity was associated with delayed sleep timing, increased daytime sleep and sleepiness, and reduced light exposure, but was independent of sleep duration. Greater sleep irregularity was also correlated with 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease and greater obesity, hypertension, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1C, and diabetes status. Finally, greater sleep irregularity was associated with increased perceived stress and depression, psychiatric factors integrally tied to cardiometabolic disease. These results suggest that the SRI is a useful measure of sleep regularity in older adults. Additionally, sleep irregularity may represent a target for early identification and prevention of cardiometabolic disease. Future studies may clarify the causal direction of these effects, mechanisms underlying links between sleep irregularity and cardiometabolic risk, and the utility of sleep interventions in reducing cardiometabolic risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.