ArticleBone2018
Age at menarche and osteoporosis: A Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Bone, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Pooled it
- Causal Effects of Female Reproductive and Hormonal Factors on Osteoporosis, Bone Mineral Density, and Osteoarthritis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Genetic Perspective on the Relationship between Female Reproductive Traits, Exercise, and Bone Health Outcomes: Evidence from a National Database.Lifestyle genomics · 2026Article
- Knowledge mapping of osteoporotic fractures: a bibliometric analysis from 2014 to 2024.Archives of osteoporosis · 2025Review
- Association between childhood adiposity and gynecologic cancers: a mendelian randomization analysis.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Genome-wide insights of shared genetic architecture between menstrual traits and bone mineral density.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Potential impact of obstetric history on postmenopausal fragility fracture risk: A reassessment of the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool.Joint diseases and related surgery · 2025Article
- Fracture incidence in women: the impact of reproductive characteristics.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Associations of PFAS concentrations during pregnancy and midlife with bone health in midlife: Cross-sectional and prospective findings from Project Viva.Environment international · 2024Article
- Evaluation and comparison of nine growth and development-based measures of pubertal timing.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Genetic Prediction of Osteoporosis by Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Reproductive Factors in Women: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Calcified tissue international · 2024Article
- Causal relationship between reproductive factors and female bone density: a univariate and multivariate mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- The causal effects of age at menarche and age at menopause on sepsis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Endocrine Health and Health Care Disparities in the Pediatric and Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Women and Reproductive Health across the Lifespan: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Association between age at menarche and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and osteoporosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Transition of young adults with metabolic bone diseases to adult care.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Genetic causal relationship between age at menarche and benign oesophageal neoplasia identified by a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The association of lipid metabolism with bone metabolism and the role of human traits: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTraditional epidemiological studies suggest that there is an association between age at menarche (years) (AAM) and bone mineral density (BMD) at the sites of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (FNK and LS BMD), indicating a potentially important relationship between AAM and the development of osteoporosis (OP). However, these findings may be influenced by unmeasured confounding factors that can obscure the true relationship between the phenotypic traits. Therefore, we performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to determine whether there is a causal relationship between AAM and BMD (FNK and LS BMD), where late AAM may increase the risk of developing OP.
methodsAdopting a two-sample MR approach we incorporated genome-wide association (GWAS) summary statistics from the Reproductive Genetics (ReproGen) Consortium (n = 182,416) (females only) and the GEnetic Factors for OSteoporosis (GEFOS) Consortium (n = 53,236) (both males and females).
resultsUsing this MR approach we discovered that each additional year in AAM is associated with a modest reduction in FNK BMD (β = -0.072 se = 0.022, 95% CI (-0.115, -0.030), p = 0.001) and LS BMD ((β = -0.072, se = 0.025, 95% CI (-0.121, -0.023), p = 0.004), and therefore influences OP susceptibility.
conclusionsThis study demonstrates that AAM in females may play a causal role in OP etiology and provides novel insights into the pathophysiology of bone related diseases like osteoporosis, osteopenia and fracture. SUMMARY: Our study demonstrates that AAM in females may play a causal role in OP etiology and provides novel insights into the pathophysiology of bone related diseases like osteoporosis, osteopenia and fracture. By adopting Mendelian Randomization approaches, our study was not susceptible to bias from unmeasured confounders or reverse causation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.