Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30238316›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2019

Relationship of dietary nitrate intake from vegetables with cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in a cohort of older Australians.

Alex H Liu, Catherine P Bondonno, Joanna Russell, Victoria M Flood, Joshua R Lewis, Kevin D Croft, Richard J Woodman, Wai H Lim, Annette Kifley, Germaine Wong and 3 more

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.

Alex H LiuMedical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Catherine P BondonnoMedical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Joanna RussellSchool of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Victoria M FloodFaculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Joshua R LewisMedical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Kevin D CroftMedical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Richard J WoodmanFlinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Wai H LimDepartment of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
Annette KifleyCentre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Germaine WongCentre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Paul MitchellCentre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Jonathan M HodgsonMedical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Lauren C BlekkenhorstSchool of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia. l.blekkenhorst@ecu.edu.au.
Edith Cowan University · AURoyal Perth Hospital · AUThe University of Western Australia · AUWestmead Institute for Medical Research · AUFlinders University · AUSir Charles Gairdner Hospital · AUThe University of Sydney · AUUniversity of Wollongong · AUWestmead Hospital · AU

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council 1084922National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeShort-term trials indicate inorganic nitrate and nitrate-rich vegetables may have vascular health benefits. However, few observational studies have explored the relationship between nitrate intake and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association of nitrate intake from vegetables with CVD mortality in a sample of older Australians.

methodsA subgroup of participants without diabetes or major CVD at baseline (1992-1994) were included from the Blue Mountains Eye Study, a population-based cohort study of men and women aged ≥ 49 years. Diets were evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline, 5 years and 10 years of follow-up. Vegetable nitrate intake was estimated using a comprehensive vegetable nitrate database. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to explore the association between vegetable nitrate intake and CVD mortality.

resultsDuring 14 years of follow-up, 188/2229 (8.4%) participants died from CVD. In multivariable-adjusted analysis, participants in quartile 2 [69.5-99.6 mg/day; HR 0.53 (95% CI 0.35, 0.82)], quartile 3 [99.7-137.8 mg/day; HR 0.51 (95% CI 0.32, 0.80)], and quartile 4 [> 137.8 mg/day; HR 0.63 (95% CI 0.41, 0.95)] of vegetable nitrate intake had lower hazards for CVD mortality compared to participants in quartile 1 (< 69.5 mg/day).

conclusionsIn older Australian men and women, vegetable nitrate intake was inversely associated with CVD mortality, independent of lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors. These findings confirm a recent report that intake of vegetable nitrate lowers the risk of CVD mortality in older women and extend these findings to older men.

Indexed as

VegetablesAgedAustraliaCardiovascular DiseasesCohort StudiesDietFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNitratesProspective StudiesNitratesCardiovascular diseaseCoronary heart diseaseMortalityNitrateStrokeVegetables

Identifiers

PMID30238316
OpenAlexW2889601472

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.