ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2019
Intradermal immunization with botulinum neurotoxin serotype E DNA vaccine induces humoral and cellular immunity and protects against lethal toxin challenge.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological threat preparedness through vaccine development and stockpiling: challenges and strategic implications.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Molecular distribution in intradermal injection for transfer and delivery of therapeutics.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2023Article
- A multipathogen DNA vaccine elicits protective immune responses against two class A bioterrorism agents, anthrax and botulism.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Immunoproteomic analysis of Clostridium botulinum type B secretome for identification of immunogenic proteins against botulism.Biotechnology letters · 2021Article
- Stable Immune Response Induced by Intradermal DNA Vaccination by a Novel Needleless Pyro-Drive Jet Injector.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by the spore-forming, gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum are the most toxic substances known and cause botulism, flaccid paralysis, or death. Owing to their high lethality, BoNTs are classified as category A agents by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Currently, there are no vaccines available to protect against BoNTs, so the rapid development of a safe and effective vaccine is important. DNA-based vaccines have recently drawn great attention because they can be developed quickly and can be applied in mass vaccination strategies to prevent disease outbreaks. Here, we report on the immunogenic and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine, encoding a 50-kDa carboxy-terminal fragment of the BoNT serotype E heavy chain, which is delivered via an intradermal route. This plasmid DNA vaccine induced robust humoral and cellular BoNT/E-specific immune responses and completely protected animals against lethal challenge with BoNT/E. These results not only indicate that DNA vaccines could be further developed as safe and effective candidates for vaccines against BoNTs but also suggest a possible approach for developing vaccines that protect against bio-threat toxins.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.