ArticleNPJ schizophrenia2018
The language profile of formal thought disorder.
Article in NPJ schizophrenia, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- From thought to language: Comparing schizophrenia spectrum disorders and Wernicke's aphasia with machine learning and LLMs.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Clinical psychopathology-based early relapse prediction model using speech and language in psychosis.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Review
- Expressive pragmatic language in mood and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Linking spontaneous speech, cognition, and psychopathology across affective and psychotic disorders: A network approach.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Article
- Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in schizophrenia: enhancing transparency in clinical decision-making.Frontiers in systems biology · 2026Review
- On the interface between linguistics, computer science and psychiatry: analyzing textual key-factors affecting BERT-based classification of schizophrenia in social media texts.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- Three dimensions of speech coherence in people with early psychosis and their family members.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Collecting language, speech acoustics, and facial expression to predict psychosis and other clinical outcomes: strategies from the AMP® SCZ initiative.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Relationship between grammar and schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Use of reference markers in the speech of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Evidence from two referential communication tasks manipulating common ground with the interaction partner.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2025Article
- A single composite index of semantic behavior tracks symptoms of psychosis over time.Schizophrenia research · 2025Article
- A single composite index of semantic behavior tracks symptoms of psychosis over time.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Trajectories through semantic spaces in schizophrenia and the relationship to ripple bursts.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Syntactic complexity and diversity of spontaneous speech production in schizophrenia spectrum and major depressive disorders.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Language Analytics for Assessment of Mental Health Status and Functional Competency.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Coreference Delays in Psychotic Discourse: Widening the Temporal Window.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Syntactic Network Analysis in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Linguistic anomalies in the language of patients with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2023Article
- Grammatical impairment in schizophrenia: An exploratory study of the pronominal and sentential domains.PloS one · 2023Article
- Linguistic findings in persons with schizophrenia-a review of the current literature.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Formal thought disorder (FTD) is clinically manifested as disorganized speech, but there have been only few investigations of its linguistic properties. We examined how disturbance of thought may relate to the referential function of language as expressed in the use of noun phrases (NPs) and the complexity of sentence structures. We used a comic strip description task to elicit language samples from 30 participants with schizophrenia (SZ), 15 with moderate or severe FTD (SZ + FTD), and 15 minimal or no FTD (SZ-FTD), as well as 15 first-degree relatives of people with SZ (FDRs) and 15 neurotypical controls (NC). We predicted that anomalies in the normal referential use of NPs, sub-divided into definite and indefinite NPs, would identify FTD; and also that FTD would also be linked to reduced linguistic complexity as specifically measured by the number of embedded clauses and of grammatical dependents. Participants with SZ + FTD produced more referential anomalies than NC and produced the fewest definite NPs, while FDRs produced the most and thus also differed from NC. When referential anomalies were classed according to the NP type in which they occurred, the SZ + FTD group produced more anomalies in definite NPs than NC. Syntactic errors did not distinguish groups, but the SZ + FTD group exhibited significantly less syntactic complexity than non-SZ groups. Exploratory regression analyses suggested that production of definite NPs distinguished the two SZ groups. These results demonstrate that FTD can be identified in specific grammatical patterns which provide new targets for detection, intervention, and neurobiological studies.
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Registered trials
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