ArticlePediatric research2019
Altered in utero kidney development in newborns with congenital heart disease.
Article in Pediatric research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Birthweight and isolated congenital heart defects - A systematic review and meta-analysis.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022Pooled it
- Engineered human induced pluripotent stem cell models reveal altered podocytogenesis in congenital heart disease-associated SMAD2 mutations.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- SOX7 loss-of-function variation as a cause of familial congenital heart disease.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- Anatomical Findings of Renal and Urological Abnormalities in Cardiac Catheterization of Children with congenital heart diseases - A Single Center Experience.Qatar medical journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIt is known that the heart is not the only organ affected in congenital heart disease (CHD); there is growth restriction of both the brain and the whole body. The protective mechanism of "the brain-sparing phenomenon" re-directs blood flow toward the growing brain in fetuses with CHD. We hypothesized that these changes would result in impaired fetal kidney growth.
methodsThe preoperative ultrasound measurements of kidney length were obtained retrospectively from 452 neonates requiring surgery for CHD. Percentiles were generated based on regression analysis of normative kidney length from three datasets according to both corrected gestational age and to birthweight.
resultsAs a cohort, neonates with CHD have significantly enlarged kidneys, with a mean percentile ranging from 54.1-72.7 (p < 0.001), depending on the three normal population datasets used for comparison. The kidneys of neonates with left heart obstruction were consistently demonstrated to be greater than normal, unlike those with cyanotic heart disease which were shown to have either normal or enlarged kidneys, depending on the reference population used.
conclusionsThe kidneys of newborns with CHD are not reduced in size, and on average are larger than normal. The nature of this size discrepancy and its subsequent clinical significance is unknown.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.