SynthesisSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2018
The Association Between Training Load and Performance in Team Sports: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of force-velocity profile-based individualized vs. non-individualized strength training on force-velocity profiles and athletic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between ankle strength and physical performance in healthy individuals: a systematic review.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- The Correlations Between Training Load Parameters and Physical Performance Adaptations in Team Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Inter-Limb Asymmetry and Determinants of Middle- and Long-distance Running Performance in Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2024Pooled it
- Intensity Zones and Intensity Thresholds Used to Quantify External Load in Competitive Basketball: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Associations Between Physical Characteristics and Golf Clubhead Speed: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Methods of Monitoring Internal and External Loads and Their Relationships with Physical Qualities, Injury, or Illness in Adolescent Athletes: A Systematic Review and Best-Evidence Synthesis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- External and Internal Load Variables Encountered During Training and Games in Female Basketball Players According to Playing Level and Playing Position: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2022Pooled it
- Reactive Strength Index and its Associations with Measures of Physical and Sports Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- Load-velocity relationships and predicted maximal strength: A systematic review of the validity and reliability of current methods.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Monitoring Accumulated Training and Match Load in Football: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Measuring Physical Demands in Basketball: An Explorative Systematic Review of Practices.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Pooled it
- Is the Acute: Chronic Workload Ratio (ACWR) Associated with Risk of Time-Loss Injury in Professional Team Sports? A Systematic Review of Methodology, Variables and Injury Risk in Practical Situations.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- The Relationship Between Games Missed for Rest or Load Management and Injury in the National Basketball Association, 2014-15 Through 2022-23.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Observational
- Monitoring Training Effects in Athletes: A Multidimensional Framework for Decision-Making.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Collegiate Male Soccer Players Reporting Their Perceived Exertion: Differences in Internal and External Intensity between Different RPE Values and Zones.Journal of human kinetics · 2026Article
- Ecological momentary assessment of the stress-recovery process through technology mHealth in sports: a scoping review.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdequate training loads promote favorable physical and physiological adaptations, reduce the likelihood of illness and injury, and, therefore, increase the possibility of success during competition.
objectivesOur objective was to systematically examine the association between training load and performance outcomes in team sports.
methodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and PsycINFO databases for original research published before July 2018. The search included terms relevant to training load, performance, and team sports. Articles were screened using pre-defined selection criteria, and methodological quality was assessed independently by two authors before data were extracted by the lead author.
resultsThe electronic search yielded 5848 articles, 2373 of which were duplicates. A further 17 articles were retrieved from additional sources. In total, 26 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review, with quality scores ranging from 6 to 10 out of 11. Training exposure was more strongly associated with aerobic performance than other external training load measures. High-intensity activity (≥ 90% of maximum heart rate) was strongly associated with aerobic performance. The individualized training impulse model was strongly associated with aerobic performance, whereas various other training impulse models and perceptual training load measures showed weak associations with aerobic performance. There were no clear associations between training load and neuromuscular variables or game-related statistics.
conclusionWe found no consistent associations between external training load measures and performance. High-intensity internal training load appears to be the most prominent indicator of aerobic performance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
30225537What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.