ArticleNeurorehabilitation and neural repair2018
Children With Cerebral Palsy Have Greater Stride-to-Stride Variability of Muscle Synergies During Gait Than Typically Developing Children: Implications for Motor Control Complexity.
Article in Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03744884 (Movement Impairment Characterization and Rehabilitation for Spastic/Dystonic Cerebral Palsy Using Robotic Haptic Feedback in Virtual Reality), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Movement Impairment Characterization and Rehabilitation for Spastic/Dystonic Cerebral Palsy Using Robotic Haptic Feedback in Virtual Reality
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of therapeutic footwear for children: A systematic review.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2020Pooled it
- Muscle Synergies During Walking in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Pooled it
- Variability of motor imagery in children with cerebral palsy examined using the Hand Laterality Test.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Article
- Influence of surgical intervention on pre- and post-surgery patient specific muscle synergies in children with cerebral palsy.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Effects of different post-activation potentiation strategies on forehand stroke performance in elite squash players: a muscle synergy and time-frequency coherence analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Differences in lower limb co-contraction calculations vary clinical interpretation of aquatic treadmill walking in typically developing and children with cerebral palsy.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Increased trial-to-trial similarity and reduced temporal overlap of muscle synergy activation coefficients manifest during learning and with increasing movement proficiency.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Muscle synergies are shared across fundamental subtasks in complex movements of skateboarding.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Does crouch alter the effects of neuromuscular impairments on gait? A simulation study.Journal of biomechanics · 2024Article
- A new methodological approach to characterize selective motor control in children with cerebral palsy.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Recent developments in muscle synergy analysis in young people with neurodevelopmental diseases: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Prediction of ground reaction forces and moments during walking in children with cerebral palsy.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- External walking environment differentially affects muscle synergies in children with cerebral palsy and typical development.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Intra-Subject and Inter-Subject Movement Variability Quantified with Muscle Synergies in Upper-Limb Reaching Movements.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Neuromuscular Control before and after Independent Walking Onset in Children with Cerebral Palsy.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- How to improve the muscle synergy analysis methodology?European journal of applied physiology · 2021Review
- Muscle Synergies in Children Walking and Running on a Treadmill.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Article
- Greater Reliance on Cerebral Palsy-Specific Muscle Synergies During Gait Relates to Poorer Temporal-Spatial Performance Measures.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Performance Variability During Motor Learning of a New Balance Task in a Non-immersive Virtual Environment in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Peers.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Utilize More Cortical Resources for Similar Motor Output During Treadmill Gait.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is mounting evidence that the central nervous system utilizes a modular approach for neuromuscular control of walking by activating groups of muscles in units termed muscle synergies. Examination of muscle synergies in clinical populations may provide insights into alteration of neuromuscular control underlying pathological gait patterns. Previous studies utilizing synergy analysis have reported reduced motor control complexity during walking in those with neurological deficits, revealing the potential clinical utility of this approach.
methodsWe extracted muscle synergies on a stride-to-stride basis from 20 children with cerebral palsy (CP; Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I-II) and 8 children without CP, allowing the number of synergies to vary for each stride. Similar muscle synergies across all participants and strides were grouped using a k-means clustering and discriminant analysis.
resultsIn total, 10 clusters representing 10 distinct synergies were found across the 28 individuals. Relative to their total number of synergies deployed during walking, synergies from children with CP were present in a higher number of clusters than in children with typical development (TD), indicating significantly greater stride-to-stride variability. This increased variability was present despite reduced complexity, as measured by the mean number of synergies in each stride. Whereas children with CP demonstrate some novel synergies, they also deploy some of the same muscle synergies as those with TD, although less frequently and with more variability.
conclusionA stride-by-stride approach to muscle synergy analysis expands its clinical utility and may provide a method to tailor rehabilitation strategies by revealing inconsistent but functional synergies in each child with CP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.