Trial reportPloS one2018
A case-control study of breast cancer risk factors in 7,663 women in Malaysia.
Trial report in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of breastfeeding on the risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Pooled it
- Early menarche and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 74 case-control studies.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Lifestyle and Reproductive Factors Associated with Risk of Breast Cancer in Asian Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Family history and breast cancer risk for Asian women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2023Pooled it
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Soy Isoflavone Intake on Mammographic Density among Malaysian Women.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Perceptions, attitudes and beliefs towards soya among healthy Asian women participating in a soya randomised controlled trial.Journal of nutritional science · 2023Trial
- Effects of Continuous Care Combined with Evidence-Based Nursing on Mental Status and Quality of Life and Self-Care Ability in Patients with Liver from Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Study.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Trial
- Deep learning analysis of breast cancer histology predicts ATM pathogenic variant carrier status.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Scoring System for Predicting Breast Cancer Risk Among Women in Regions with Limited Healthcare Infrastructure in Indonesia.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2026Article
- Modifiable and Nonmodifiable Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Scoping Review.International journal of breast cancer · 2026Review
- Genome-wide association study of Asian women identifies putative mammographic density-associated loci.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Adapting the BOADICEA breast and ovarian cancer risk models for the ethnically diverse UK population.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- Epidemiology of breast cancer in Chinese women from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis and comparison with the global burden.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- The role of microalgal extracts and their combination with tamoxifen in the modulation of breast cancer immunotherapy (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- The relationship between demographic factors and known risk factors with breast cancer in women aged 30-69.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Association of area- and volumetric-mammographic density and breast cancer risk in women of Asian descent: a case control study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Clustering of HR + /HER2- breast cancer in an Asian cohort is driven by immune phenotypes.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Demographical and Epidemiological Contribution to Cancer Incidence in Delhi and Its Trends from 1991-2015.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer risk factors have been examined extensively in Western setting and more developed Asian cities/countries. However, there are limited data on developing Asian countries. The purpose of this study was to examine breast cancer risk factors and the change of selected risk factors across birth cohorts in Malaysian women.
methodsAn unmatched hospital based case-control study was conducted from October 2002 to December 2016 in Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 3,683 cases and 3,980 controls were included in this study. Unconditional logistic regressions, adjusted for potential confounding factors, were conducted. The breast cancer risk factors were compared across four birth cohorts by ethnicity.
resultsEver breastfed, longer breastfeeding duration, a higher soymilk and soy product intake, and a higher level of physical activity were associated with lower risk of breast cancer. Chinese had the lowest breastfeeding rate, shortest breastfeeding duration, lowest parity and highest age of first full term pregnancy.
conclusionsOur study shows that breastfeeding, soy intake and physical activity are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer. With the increasing incidence of breast cancer there is an urgent need to educate the women about lifestyle intervention they can take to reduce their breast cancer risk.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.