ReviewClinical neurophysiology practice2016
Clinical uses of H reflexes of upper and lower limb muscles.
Review in Clinical neurophysiology practice, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Spasticity: A Single-Subject Experimental Study
The Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Spasticity: A Single-Subject Experimental Study
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is somatosensory electrical stimulation effective in relieving spasticity? A systematic review.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2019Pooled it
- Nerve conduction during acute blood-flow restriction with and without low-intensity exercise Nerve conduction and blood-flow restriction.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Revisiting the muscle spindle in ALS: Implications for spinal motor network dysfunction.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2026Review
- The Hoffmann Reflex.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- Ischemic injury to primary motor and premotor cortices is linked to hyperreflexia in mice.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Article
- Bidirectional modulation of soleus spinal excitability induced by upper limb movement practice.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Optimizing Hoffmann Reflex Rate-Dependent Depression: A Feasible Protocol for Assessing Spinal Inhibition in Upper and Lower Limbs.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Characteristics of posterior root reflexes evoked by transcutaneous spinal stimulation with various pulse durations.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- The Modulatory Effects of Anesthetics and Analgesics on Neurophysiological Monitoring and Underlying Mechanisms.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- A hierarchical integration model of effort perception: peripheral, central, cognitive, temporal, and applied mechanisms revealed through blood flow restriction.Frontiers in neuroergonomics · 2026Review
- Modulatory effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on the soleus H-reflex: comparison between peripheral nerve and motor point stimulation.Journal of physical therapy science · 2026Article
- Association of preoperative ankle reflex with skeletal muscle loss and poorer physical performance 6 months after gastrectomy in elderly patients with gastric cancer.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Piriformis Syndrome Is Often Overlooked as a Cause of Gluteal Pain and Sciatica: Diagnostic Challenges and the Role of Imaging-A Narrative Review.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2025Review
- Priming with transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation followed by robotic exoskeleton gait training in individuals with spinal cord injury: A case series.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Article
- Differences in Hebbian stimulation effects between biceps and triceps brachii in humans.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Force overestimation during vascular occlusion is triggered by motor system inhibition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Modulation of Primary Afferent Nerve Fiber (Ia) Reciprocal Inhibition Under Voluntary and Electrically Stimulated Muscle Conditions: Within-Subject Study Design.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of Acute Lateral Ankle Sprain on Spinal Reflex Excitability and Time-to-Boundary Postural Control in Single-Leg Stance.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Epineural stimulation on distal brachial plexus for functional restoration of the upper limb in a primate study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Electrical stimulation in upper limb assistance: opportunities and challenges.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
H reflexes can be recorded from virtually all muscles that have muscle spindles, but reflex reinforcement may be required for the reflex response to be demonstrable. This can allow conduction across proximal nerve segments and most nerve root segments commonly involved by pathology. Stimulus rate is critical in subjects who are at rest. However the reflex attenuation with higher rates is greatly reduced during a background contraction of the test muscle, with only minor changes in latency if any. In addition the contraction ensures that the reflex response occurs in the desired muscle. Reflex latencies should be corrected for height (or limb length) and age. Because the reflex discharge requires a synchronised volley in group Ia afferents, large increases in reflex latency occur rarely with purely sensory lesions. If the H reflex of soleus, quadriceps femoris or flexor carpi radialis is absent at rest but appears during a voluntary contraction at near-normal latency, there is either low central excitability or a predominantly sensory abnormality. With the former H reflexes will be difficult to elicit throughout the body. If H reflexes can be recorded at rest from muscles for which no reflex can normally be demonstrated, there is good evidence for hyperreflexia. In the context of possible ALS, this is an important finding when there is EMG evidence of chronic partial denervation in that muscle.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.