Trial reportAnnals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine2018
A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Optimized Smoking Treatment Delivered in Primary Care.
Trial report in Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Opt-IN: Optimization of Remotely Delivered Intensive Lifestyle Treatment for Obesity
A Comparative Effectiveness RCT of Optimized Cessation Treatments
Physical Activity in Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Disease
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences in the effectiveness of individual-level smoking cessation interventions by socioeconomic status.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Strategies to improve smoking cessation rates in primary care.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Cessation classification likelihood increases with higher expired-air carbon monoxide cutoffs: a meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Pooled it
- Characteristics of Black Adults Who Never Achieved 24-Hours of Abstinence in a Smoking Cessation Trial: Implications for Improving Treatment Response.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- What to do after smoking relapse? A sequential multiple assignment randomized trial of chronic care smoking treatments.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Trial
- Multiple Pharmacotherapy Adaptations for Smoking Cessation Based on Treatment Response in Black Adults Who Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Mobile Chat Messaging for Preventing Smoking Relapse Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Trial
- Outcomes of a Comprehensive Mobile Smoking Cessation Program With Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Adult Smokers: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Trial
- Daily use of nicotine replacement medications is related to daily smoking status: An ecological momentary assessment study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Trial
- Time-varying effects of 'optimized smoking treatment' on craving, negative affect and anhedonia.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Predictors of Smoking Cessation Attempts and Success Following Motivation-Phase Interventions Among People Initially Unwilling to Quit Smoking.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- Nicotine replacement therapy sampling for smoking cessation within primary care: results from a pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2020Trial
- Predictors of adherence to nicotine replacement therapy: Machine learning evidence that perceived need predicts medication use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Personal pathways to success: an innovative program to overcome cancer patient barriers to tobacco cessation and promote patient participation.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Integrating implementation science and intervention optimization.Implementation science : IS · 2025Article
- Representativeness of Electronic Referral to Smoking Treatment Trials in Adult Primary Care.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Twenty years of intervention optimization.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of gamification on smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Review
- Estimating the Cost of Delivering Tobacco Cessation Intervention Package at Noncommunicable Disease Clinics in Two Districts of North India.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Approaches in Emergency Departments.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: The effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment is limited in real-world use, perhaps because we have not selected the components of such treatments optimally nor have treatments typically been developed for and evaluated in real-world clinical settings. Purpose: To validate an optimized smoking cessation treatment package that comprises intervention components identified as effective in factorial screening experiments conducted as per the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST). Methods: Adult smokers motivated to quit were recruited from primary care clinics (N = 623). Participants were randomized to receive either recommended usual care (R-UC; 10 min of in-person counseling, 8 weeks of nicotine patch, and referral to quitline services) or abstinence-optimized treatment (A-OT; 3 weeks of prequit mini-lozenges, 26 weeks of nicotine patch + mini-lozenges, three in-person and eight phone counseling sessions, and 7-11 automated calls to prompt medication use). The key outcomes were self-reported and biochemically confirmed (carbon monoxide, CO <6 ppm) 7-day point-prevalence abstinence. Results: A-OT participants had significantly higher self-reported abstinence rates than R-UC participants at 4, 8, 16, and 26 weeks (ORs: 1.91-3.05; p <. 001). The biochemically confirmed 26-week abstinence rates were lower than the self-reported 26-week rates, but revealed a similar treatment effect size (OR = 2.94, p < .001). There was no moderation of treatment effects on 26-week abstinence by demographic, psychiatric, or nicotine dependence variables. A-OT had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for 26-week CO-confirmed abstinence of $7,800. Conclusions: A smoking cessation treatment that is optimized via MOST development meaningfully enhances cessation rates beyond R-UC smoking treatment in smokers seen in primary care. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02301403.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.