Trial reportReproductive health matters2018
The Empower Nudge lottery to increase dual protection use: a proof-of-concept randomised pilot trial in South Africa.
Trial report in Reproductive health matters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02536612 (Empower, Nudge), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Empower, Nudge: Increasing Dual Protection Among Young Women in South Africa
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Behavioural Economics-Informed Interventions on the Care Cascade for Sexually Transmitted and Blood-Borne Infections: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Pooled it
- Health-promotion interventions targeting multiple behaviors: A meta-analytic review of general and behavior-specific processes of change.Psychological bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing the Impact of Behavioral Sciences Interventions on Chronic Disease Prevention and Management: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Complex solutions for a complex problem: A meta-analysis of the efficacy of multiple-behavior interventions on change in outcomes related to HIV.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2021Pooled it
- Positive deviance for promoting dual-method contraceptive use among women in Uganda: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2021Trial
- Incentive-based interventions to improve HIV prevention and care continuum: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- A 5-Year Review of the Impact of Lottery Incentives on HIV-Related Services.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Applying Behavioural Insights to HIV Prevention and Management: a Scoping Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Article
- Exploring Primary Care Clinicians' Views about How Best to Implement a Potential Trial around Point-of-Care Tests for Common Infections in South Africa.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Early Sexual Debut and the Effects on Well-Being among South African Adolescent Girls and Young Women Aged 15 to 24 Years.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2021Article
- Conditional economic incentives to improve HIV prevention and treatment in low-income and middle-income countries.The lancet. HIV · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The objective of this study is to measure the preliminary efficacy of a pilot intervention, grounded in behavioural economics, increasing adherence of dual protection (simultaneous use of effective modern contraception and a barrier method, such as a condom) to protect against HIV, other sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancy. Between 2015 and 2016, 100 women aged 18-40 years, seeking post-abortion care in Cape Town, South Africa were recruited to Empower Nudge, a randomised controlled trial to test a lottery incentive intervention designed to increase dual protection. At baseline, the mean age of participants was 27 years; 82% of them were from South Africa; 58% self-identified as Black African; average education completed was 11.7 years. At three months, assignment to the lottery intervention was associated with higher odds of returning for study visits (OR: 6.0; 95%CI: 2.45 to 14.7, p < 0.01), higher condom use (OR: 4.5; 95%CI: 1.43 to 14.1; p < 0.05), and higher use of dual protection (OR: 3.16; 95%CI: 1.01 to 9.9; p < 0.05). Only 60% of the study population returned after three months and only 38% returned after six months. Women who receive post-abortion care represent a neglected population with an urgent need for HIV and pregnancy prevention. Dual protection is a critically important strategy for this population. Lottery-based behavioural economics strategies may offer possible ways to increase dual protection use in this population. Further research with larger samples, longer exposure time, and more sites is needed to establish fully powered efficacy of lottery incentives for dual protection; using objective verification for monitoring.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.