ReviewAutophagy2019
How does estrogen work on autophagy?
Review in Autophagy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Galanin impairs tumor immunity in glioblastoma by promoting infiltration and ferroptosis resistance of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- Article
- Established and emerging roles of lysosomal dysfunction in cardiac aging.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Review
- The role of estrogen and its receptors in the regulation of ferroptosis and autophagy.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Intricate interplay between ORMDL3, ER stress, and autophagy in the diabetic intestine.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Knowledge gaps and research priorities to understand sex differences in immunity.PLoS biology · 2026Review
- CircKIAA1617 promotes stemness via USP14/PGRMC1-mediated autophagy and lipid metabolism reprogramming in ER-positive breast cancer.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Grand challenges in sex differences in immunology: problems the field must solve before biological sex can guide clinical practice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CSF estrogens' relationships to neuroinflammatory markers and brain networks in middle-aged and older black and white women.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- NIR Driven Pd/Cerium Oxide Nano-Heterojunction for Enhanced Salvaging Sepsis Induced Acute Liver Injury via Reprogramming Redox Homeostasis in Synergy with Inducing Autophagy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Estrogen promotes autophagy in the mammary epithelial cells of dairy sheep via the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- A possible important regulatory role of estrogen in obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Inhibition of TrkB kinase activity impairs autophagy in cervical motor neurons of young but not old mice.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Targeting autophagy in astrocytes: a potential for neurodegenerative disease intervention.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Effect of 30-day Ramadan fasting on autophagy pathway and metabolic health outcome in healthy individuals.Molecular biology research communications · 2025Article
- Exogenous estrogen partially rescues progesterone deficiency and autophagosome enlargement inReproductive and developmental medicine · 2024Article
- The Estrogen-Autophagy Axis: Insights into Cytoprotection and Therapeutic Potential in Cancer and Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Enhancing brain health in the Global South through sex and gender lens.Nature. Mental health · 2024Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is vital for intracellular quality control and homeostasis. Therefore, careful regulation of autophagy is very important. In the past 10 years, a number of studies have reported that estrogenic effectors affect autophagy. However, some results, especially those regarding the modulatory effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on autophagy seem inconsistent. Moreover, several clinical trials are already in place combining both autophagy inducers and autophagy inhibitors with endocrine therapies for breast cancer. Not all patients experience benefit, which further confuses and complicates our understanding of the main effects of autophagy in estrogen-related cancer. In view of the importance of the crosstalk between estrogen signaling and autophagy, this review summarizes the estrogenic effectors reported to affect autophagy, subcellular distribution and translocation of estrogen receptors, autophagy-targeted transcription factors (TFs), miRNAs, and histone modifications regulated by E2. Upon stimulation with estrogen, there will always be opposing functional actions, which might occur between different receptors, receptors on TFs, TFs on autophagy genes, or even histone modifications on transcription. The huge signaling network downstream of estrogen can promote autophagy and reduce overstimulated autophagy at the same time, which allows autophagy to be regulated by estrogen in a restricted range. To help understand how the estrogenic regulation of autophagy affects cell fate, a hypothetical model is presented here. Finally, we discuss some exciting new directions in the field. We hope this might help to better understand the multiple associations between estrogen and autophagy, the pathogenic mechanisms of many estrogen-related diseases, and to design novel and efficacious therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.