ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2018
Refraction and Change in Refraction Over a 20-Year Period in the Beaver Dam Eye Study.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Dynamics of Myopia Progression in Ghana-Evidence From Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Adult Myopia Progression.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Quantifying refractive error in companion dogs with and without nuclear sclerosis: 229 eyes from 118 dogs.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2024Article
- The underestimated role of myopia in uncorrectable visual impairment in the United States.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- IMI-Onset and Progression of Myopia in Young Adults.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Review
- Age-Dependent Changes in the Water Content and Optical Power of the In Vivo Mouse Lens Revealed by Multi-Parametric MRI and Optical Modeling.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Inflammation and retinal degenerative diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Five-year change in refractive error and its risk factors: results from the Gutenberg Health Study.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Association analyses of rare variants identify two genes associated with refractive error.PloS one · 2022Article
- The Role of Inflammation in Retinal Neurodegeneration and Degenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Age-Dependent Changes in Total and Free Water Content of In Vivo Human Lenses Measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Association of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Incidence With Myopia Prevalence in the Netherlands.JAMA ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Using the Lens Paradox to Optimize an In Vivo MRI-Based Optical Model of the Aging Human Crystalline Lens.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of myopia in Han and Yugur older adults in Gansu, China: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: Hyperopic shifts in refraction have been consistently reported in adults over 40, followed by myopic shifts after age 70. Although potential factors underlying these changes in refraction in older adults have been investigated previously, the studies were restricted by the limited longitudinal data available. The authors of this study sought to better characterize the long-term trajectory of refraction in older adults using 20 years of prospective data. Methods: The impact of cohort effects on refraction over 20 years was examined. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the etiologic factors underlying refraction and changes in refraction measured over a 20-year period (1988-2010) among adults over age 40 from the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Results: Only individuals with nuclear cataract experienced a myopic shift in refraction, showing a 0.25 diopter (D) decrease (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.44 D to -0.07 D) over a five-year period. Individuals with mild and moderate nuclear sclerosis showed varying degrees of hyperopic shifts over five years (0.22 D: 95% CI: 0.20 D-0.25 D; 0.23 D: 95% CI: 0.20 D-0.27 D, respectively). Conclusions: Nuclear cataract is the primary contributor to the myopic shift among older individuals. Birth cohort effects on baseline refraction but not change in refraction were observed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.