SynthesisJournal of global health2018
Variations of dry eye disease prevalence by age, sex and geographic characteristics in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of global health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Effects of Umbilical Cord Serum for Dry Eye Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.Ophthalmic research · 2025Pooled it
- Autologous serum eye drops for patients with dry eye disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association between asthma and dry eye disease: a meta-analysis based on observational studies.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Dry Eye and Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- TNF-α inhibitor tanfanercept (HBM9036) improves signs and symptoms of dry eye in a phase 2 trial in the controlled adverse environment in China.International ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Reliability and efficacy of maximum fluorescein tear break-up time in diagnosing dry eye disease.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Eyelid margin cleaning using Deep Cleaning Device for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction-associated dry eye: a preliminary investigation.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. BTrial
- Global Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease in Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From Health to Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Ocular Surface Microbiota and Detection Methods in Dry Eye.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Corneal epithelial thickness profiles in dry eye patients with or without primary Sjögren's syndrome.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Review
- Translation and preliminary validation of a Chinese version of a short dry eye symptom questionnaire.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Sex as Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease in a Cohort of Norwegian 65-year-Olds: A Cross-Sectional Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Epidemiological study of dry eye disease in Gansu Province based on mathematical modeling: analysis of regional population characteristics and identification of risk factors.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Increased risk of dry eye disease in Taiwanese patients with chronic periodontitis: A nationwide population-based cohort study.Journal of dental sciences · 2026Article
- A comprehensive analysis of dry eye disease clinical trials (2000-2024): research trends and gaps.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Associations of tear mediators with ocular surface symptoms, signs, and corneal nerve morphology in dry eye disease: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Patients' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward dry eye disease management.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDry eye disease (DED) is one of the most prevalent ocular diseases in the world. In China, new lifestyles driven by information technology and the rapid ageing process have brought DED a severe public health concern. The aim of our study was to obtain the pooled prevalence of DED in China and explore its potential correlates.
methodsA comprehensive systematic review was conducted to identify all relevant literature published since 1990. Meta-analysis and meta-regression approaches were adopted to estimate the prevalence of DED. The number of people with DED was obtained by multiplying the corresponding demographic data in 2010.
resultsAdvanced age, female sex and larger latitude were significant risk factors for DED by symptoms and signs, whereas only advanced age was positively associated with an increased prevalence of DED by symptoms. In 2010, the prevalence of DED by symptoms and signs were 13.55% (95% CI = 10.00-18.05) and that of DED by symptoms was 31.40% (95% CI = 23.02-41.13) in Chinese people aged 5-89 years, corresponding to a total of 170.09 million (95% CI = 125.52-226.63) and 394.13 million (95% CI = 288.99-516.30) affected individuals respectively.
conclusionsThe huge burden of DED in China calls for more public health attention and actions. Improved epidemiological studies on DED prevalence are still urgently needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.