ArticleBritish journal of cancer2018
Carbonic anhydrase IX is a pH-stat that sets an acidic tumour extracellular pH in vivo.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- High IntratumoralInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Collagenase-mediated extracellular matrix targeting for enhanced drug penetration and therapeutic efficacy in nanoscale delivery systems for cancer therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Pooled it
- Can Targeting Hypoxia-Mediated Acidification of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment Kill Myeloma Tumor Cells?Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Review
- Estimating the Sodium Content: A Case Series of Benign and Malignant Renal Tumours UsingNMR in biomedicine · 2026Article
- Merlin deficiency supports an immunosuppressive milieu in breast cancer.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Engineering and Biological Mechanisms of Microalgal COMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Coumarin-Thiourea Hybrids: Structural Features Governing CA Inhibition and Antiproliferative Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Introduction to Carbonic Anhydrase.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Roles of lactate and lactylation in tumor immune suppression and drug resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Role of Tumor pH in Breast Cancer Imaging: Biology, Diagnostic Applications, and Emerging Techniques.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Low pH, High Stakes: A Narrative Review Exploring the Acid-Sensing GPR65 Pathway as a Novel Approach in Renal Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Lipid-Driven Immunometabolism in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Axis for Musculoskeletal Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Targeting carbonic anhydrase IX/XII prevents the anti-ferroptotic effect of stromal lactic acid in prostate carcinoma.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Carbonic anhydrase IX promotes acute lung injury and mortality in females during metabolic acidosis and pneumonia.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025Article
- UBC4: A Repurposed Drug Regimen for Adjunctive Use During Bladder Cancer Treatment.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Targeting Siglec-E facilitates tumor vaccine-induced antitumor immunity in renal carcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Design and Synthesis of 2-substituted [1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines Tethered with Umbelliferone as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase IX and XII Inhibitors.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Targeting CA9 restricts pancreatic cancer progression through pH regulation and ROS production.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Hypoxia-related carbonic anhydrase 9 induces serpinB9 expression in cancer cells and apoptosis in T cells via acidosis.Cancer science · 2024Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTumour carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a hypoxia-inducible tumour-associated cell surface enzyme, is thought to acidify the tumour microenvironment by hydrating CO
methodsWe used
resultsCAIX-expressing tumours had 0.15 pH-unit lower median extracellular pH than control tumours (pH 6.71 tumour vs pH 6.86 control, P = 0.01). Importantly, CAIX expression imposed an upper limit for tumour extracellular pH at 6.93. Despite the increased lactate concentration in CAIX-expressing tumours,
conclusionsCAIX acidifies the tumour microenvironment, and also provides an extracellular pH control mechanism. We propose that CAIX thus acts as an extracellular pH-stat, maintaining an acidic tumour extracellular pH that is tolerated by cancer cells and favours invasion and metastasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.