ArticleAmerican journal of infection control2019
Predictors of Clostridium difficile infection and predictive impact of probiotic use in a diverse hospital-wide cohort.
Article in American journal of infection control, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synbiotic Therapy Prevents Nosocomial Infection in Critically Ill Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Based on a Bayesian Framework.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- The ladder of regulatory stringency and balance: an application to the US FDA's regulation of bacterial live therapeutics.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Oral microbiota and respiratory diseases: advances and perspectives.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Antibiotic-perturbed microbiota and the role of probiotics.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- A Systematic Literature Review on Risk Factors for and Timing of Clostridioides difficile Infection in the United States.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Review
- Status quo of the public's knowledge of probiotics based on video-sharing platforms.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Strategies for the Development of Bioprotective Cultures in Food Preservation.International journal of microbiology · 2022Review
- Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, Postbiotics, and Obesity: Current Evidence, Controversies, and Perspectives.Current obesity reports · 2020Review
- Probiotics in the next-generation sequencing era.Gut microbes · 2020Review
- Our Microbiome: On the Challenges, Promises, and Hype.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2020Article
- The pros, cons, and many unknowns of probiotics.Nature medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHospital-based predictive models for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) may aid with surveillance efforts.
methodsA retrospective cohort of adult hospitalized patients who were tested for CDI between May 1, 2011, and August 31, 2016, was formed. Proposed clinical and sociodemographic predictors of CDI were evaluated using multivariable predictive logistic regression modeling.
resultsIn a cohort of 5,209 patients, including 1,092 CDI cases, emergency department location (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51, 2.41; compared with an intensive care unit reference category, which had the lowest observed odds in the study) and prior exposure to a statin (aOR, 1.26, 95% CI, 1.06, 1.51), probiotic (aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.80), or high-risk antibiotic (aOR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.29, 1.84), such as a cephalosporin, a quinolone, or clindamycin, were independent predictors of CDI. Probiotic use did not appear to attenuate the odds of CDI in patients exposed to high-risk antibiotics, but moderate-risk antibiotics appeared to significantly attenuate the odds of CDI in patients who received probiotics.
conclusionsEmergency department location, high-risk antibiotics, probiotics, and statins were independently predictive of CDI. Further exploration of the relationship between probiotics and CDI, especially in diverse patient populations, is warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.