ArticlePloS one2018
Identification of a putative novel genotype 3/rabbit hepatitis E virus (HEV) recombinant.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis E Virus Exposure Across Multiple Host Species in a Shared Ecosystem in Argentina.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- The 2023 South Sudanese outbreak of Hepatitis E emphasizes ongoing circulation of genotype 1 in North, Central, and East Africa.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Hepatitis E and Potential Public Health Implications from a One-Health Perspective: Special Focus on the European Wild Boar (Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A multispecies competitive nanobody-based ELISA for the detection of antibodies against hepatitis E virus.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Molecular characterisation of a rabbit Hepatitis E Virus strain detected in a chronically HEV-infected individual from Germany.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Absence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Italian Lagomorph Species Sampled between 2019 and 2021.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus in Wild and Domestic Rabbits in Australia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland-From Stable to Table.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- A Putative Novel Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 Subtype Identified in Rabbit, Germany 2016.Viruses · 2021Article
- Update: proposed reference sequences for subtypes of hepatitis E virus (speciesThe Journal of general virology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a viral pathogen transmitted by the fecal-oral route and is a major cause of waterborne acute hepatitis in many developing countries. In addition to infecting humans, HEV has been identified in swine, wild boars, rabbits and other mammals; with swine and wild boars being main reservoirs for zoonotic transmission of HEV. There are four major HEV genotypes known to infect humans; genotypes 1 (HEV-1) and 2 (HEV-2) are restricted to humans, and genotypes 3 (HEV-3) and 4 (HEV-4) are zoonotic. Herein, three human HEV strains originating in France were sequenced and near full-length genomes were characterized. Phylogenetic analysis showed that two strains were genotype 3 and closely grouped (a 100% bootstrap value) with subtype 3i reference strains. In percent nucleotide identities, these two strains were 94% identical to each other, 90-93% identical to subtype 3i strains, 82-86% identical to other HEV-3, and 77-79% identical to rabbit HEV strains excluding the two divergent strains KJ013414 and KJ013415 (74%); these two strains were less than 77% identical to strains of HEV genotypes 1, 2 and 4. The third strain was found distinct from any known HEV strains in the database, and located between the clusters of HEV-3 and rabbit HEV strains. This unique strain was 74-75% identical to HEV-1, 73% to HEV-2, 81-82% to HEV-3, 77-79% to rabbit HEV again excluding the two divergent strains KJ013414 and KJ013415 (74%), and 74-75% to HEV-4, suggesting a novel unclassified strain associated with HEV-3 and rabbit HEV. SimPlot and BootScan analyses revealed a putative recombination of HEV-3 and rabbit HEV sequences at four breakpoints. Phylogenetic trees of the five fragments of the genome confirmed the presence of two HEV-3 derived and three unclassified sequences. Analyses of the amino acid sequences of the three open reading frames (ORF1-3) encoded proteins of these three novel strains showed that some amino acid residues specific to rabbit HEV strains were found solely in this unclassified strain but not in the two newly identified genotype 3i strains. The results obtained by SimPlots, BootScans, phylogenetic analyses, and amino acid sequence comparisons in this study all together appear to suggest that this novel unclassified strain is likely carrying a mosaic genome derived from HEV-3 and rabbit HEV sequences, and is thus designated as a putative genotype 3/rabbit HEV recombinant.
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Registered trials
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