Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30203993›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2018

Association of Prenatal Urinary Concentrations of Phthalates and Bisphenol A and Pubertal Timing in Boys and Girls.

Kimberly Berger, Brenda Eskenazi, Katherine Kogut, Kimberly Parra, Robert H Lustig, Louise C Greenspan, Nina Holland, Antonia M Calafat, Xiaoyun Ye, Kim G Harley

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Analyzing the landscape of "clean" products for textured hair at a Los Angeles Target.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026
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  11. EndoCompass Project: Environmental Endocrinology.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025
    Review
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3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kimberly Berger1 Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH) , School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA.
Brenda Eskenazi1 Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH) , School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA.
Katherine Kogut1 Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH) , School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA.
Kimberly Parra1 Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH) , School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA.
Robert H Lustig2 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA.
Louise C Greenspan3 Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente , San Francisco, California, USA.
Nina Holland1 Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH) , School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA.
Antonia M Calafat4 Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Xiaoyun Ye4 Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Kim G Harley1 Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH) , School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA.
Center for Environmental Health · USCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USKaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Project C: Epigenetic Effects of DDT/E and PBDEs on PubertyP01ES009605 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ESKENAZI, BRENDA · 1999 to 2015
$11.2M
DDT & PBDE exposure, puberty onset and neurodevelopment in Mexican-American girlsR01ES017054 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ESKENAZI, BRENDA · 2009 to 2013
$3.2M
Molecular Mechanisms of Obesity in Children Exposed to Phthalates in UteroR01ES021369 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI HOLLAND, NINA T · 2013 to 2017
$3.1M
Bisphenol A and Children's Growth & DevelopmentRC2ES018792 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ESKENAZI, BRENDA, HARLEY, KIM G. · 2009 to 2010
$1.6M
NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES009605NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES017054NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES021369NIEHS NIH HHS RC2 ES018792
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnimal studies suggest that phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA), endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in many consumer products, may impact the timing of puberty.

objectivesWe aimed to determine the association of prenatal exposure to high-molecular-weight phthalates and BPA with pubertal timing in boys and girls participating in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) longitudinal cohort study.

methodsWe quantified urinary concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites and BPA at two time points during pregnancy among participating mothers ([Formula: see text]) and conducted clinical Tanner staging of puberty on their children every 9 months between 9 and 13 y of age. We conducted accelerated failure time models and examined the role of child overweight/obese status in this association.

resultsThe sum of urinary metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [Formula: see text], monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), and BPA were associated with later onset of at least one of the three outcomes assessed in girls (thelarche, pubarche, or menarche) and with earlier onset of at least one of the two outcomes assessed in boys (gondarche and pubarche). We found that monocarboxynonyl phthalate, monocarboxyoctyl phthalate, mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, and BPA were associated with later pubarche and menarche mostly among normal-weight girls but not overweight/obese girls. MBzP was associated with later thelarche in all girls, and [Formula: see text] was associated with later thelarche and menarche in all girls. BPA and all phthalate biomarkers were associated with earlier gonadarche and pubarche in all boys as well as in overweight/obese boys when stratified by weight. Among normal-weight boys, associations with BPA were also inverse, whereas associations with phthalate metabolites were close to the null or positive.

conclusionsSeveral high-molecular-weight phthalates and BPA were associated with later puberty in girls and earlier puberty in boys included in the CHAMACOS cohort study. Childhood overweight/obesity may modify these associations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3424.

Indexed as

Maternal ExposureAdolescentBenzhydryl CompoundsBisphenol A CompoundsCaliforniaChildEndocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMalePhenolsPhthalic AcidsPregnancyPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsBenzhydryl Compoundsbisphenol ABisphenol A CompoundsEndocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental PollutantsPhenolsPhthalic Acids

Identifiers

PMID30203993
PMCPMC6375461
OpenAlexW2891396834

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.