ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2018
Validation of a self-reported instrument to assess work-related difficulties in patients with migraine: the HEADWORK questionnaire.
Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06812299 (Migraine and Work-disability), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Migraine and Work-disability: How Treatment with Monoclonal Antibodies Against CGRP Pathway Could Reduce Work-related Burden Among Migraine Population.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Preventive drug treatments for adults with chronic migraine: a systematic review with economic modelling.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of mindfulness added to treatment as usual in patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache: a phase-III single-blind randomized-controlled trial (the MIND-CM study).The journal of headache and pain · 2023Trial
- Migraine and Work-Disability: New Treatments Reduce Work-Related Burden Among Migraine Population.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Exploring the professional and personal impact of migraine: a cross-sectional study in Greece.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of primary headache: part 1 - migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Review
- Exploring the working conditions of disabled employees: a scoping review.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Guidelines of the International Headache Society for Clinic-Based Headache Registries, 1Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2022Article
- Applying a biopsychosocial model to migraine: rationale and clinical implications.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Review
- Migraine Outcome Should Not Be Used to Determine Diagnosis, Severity, and Therapy: Moving Towards a Multiparametric Definition of Chronicity.Pain and therapy · 2022Article
- Migraine in the workplace.eNeurologicalSci · 2022Review
- Epidemiology, work and economic impact of migraine in a large hospital cohort: time to raise awareness and promote sustainability.Journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Erenumab for the preventive treatment of chronic migraine complicated with medication overuse headache: an observational, retrospective, 12-month real-life study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Observational
- The relationship between headache-attributed disability and lost productivity: 1. A review of the literature.The journal of headache and pain · 2021Review
- Mapping Assessments Instruments for Headache Disorders against the ICF Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Disability.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- A narrative review on the burden of migraine: when the burden is the impact on people's life.The journal of headache and pain · 2019Review
- Neurological Health: Not Merely the Absence of Disease: Current Wellbeing Instruments Across the Spectrum of Neurology.American journal of lifestyle medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe degree to which work-related difficulties are recognized in headache research is poor and often carried out with inadequate information such as "reduced ability to work as usual", which do not capture at all the variety of difficulties and the factors that impact over them. The aim of this paper is to present the validation of the HEADWORK questionnaire, which addresses the amount and severity of difficulties in work-related tasks and the factors that impact over them.
methodsWe developed a set of items based on a previous literature review and patients' focus groups and tested it on a wide set of patients with episodic and chronic migraine attending eight different Italian headache centers. HEADWORK factor structure was assessed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis; internal consistency and construct validity were addressed as well.
resultsThe validation sample (N = 373) was mostly composed of patients with episodic migraine without aura (64.3%) and of females (81%). Factor analysis retrieved two different scales: "Work-related difficulties", composed of eleven items which explain 67.1% of the total variance, and "Factors contributing to work difficulties", composed of six items which explain 52.1% of the total variance. Both HEADWORK subscales have good measurement properties, with higher scores being associated to higher disability, lower quality of life, lower productivity, higher headache frequency and pain intensity.
conclusionsHEADWORK is a 17-item, two-scale questionnaire addressing the impact of migraine on work-related difficulties in terms of difficulties in general or specific skills, and the factors contributing to these difficulties, defined as negative impact on work tasks. It can be used to address disability weights for the purpose of calculating the burden of migraine, and to assess the balance between therapeutic and side effects of medication on productivity.
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