Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30203002›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019

Congenital Rubella Syndrome Surveillance in South Africa Using a Sentinel Site Approach: A Cross-sectional Study.

Nkengafac Villyen Motaze, Jack Manamela, Sheilagh Smit, Helena Rabie, Kim Harper, Nicolette duPlessis, Gary Reubenson, Melantha Coetzee, Daynia Ballot, David Moore and 28 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

38 authors at 18 institutions in 1 country.

Nkengafac Villyen MotazeNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Jack ManamelaNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sheilagh SmitNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Helena RabieDepartment of Pediatrics, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Kim HarperDepartment of Pediatrics, Frere Hospital, East London, South Africa.
Nicolette duPlessisDepartment of Pediatrics, Kalafong Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Gary ReubensonDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Empilweni Service and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Melantha CoetzeeDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Daynia BallotDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Charlotte Maxeke Academic Hospital, Johannesburg.
David MooreDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
James NuttallDepartment of Pediatrics, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South Africa.
Lucy LinleyDepartment of Pediatrics, Mowbray Maternity Hospital, South Africa.
Lloyd TookeDepartment of Pediatrics, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Jeannette KrielDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Ute HallbauerDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Christopher SuttonDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Polokwane Hospital, University of Limpopo, South Africa.
Pravi MoodleyDepartment of Virology, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa.
Diana HardieDivision of Medical Virology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Ahmad Haeri MazanderaniNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Felicity GoosenDepartment of Pediatrics, Cecilia Makiwane Hospital, East London, South Africa.
Thanda KyawDepartment of Virological Pathology, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
Dave LerouxDepartment of Pediatrics, New Somerset Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Akhtar HussainDepartment of Pediatrics, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, Durban.
Radhika SinghDepartment of Pediatrics, King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban.
Christopher KellyDepartment of Pediatrics, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, Durban.
Graham DucasseDepartment of Pediatrics, Grey's Hospital, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
Michelle MullerDepartment of Pediatrics, Kimberley Hospital, South Africa.
Magdaleen BlaauwDepartment of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Dr Harry Surtie Hospital, Upington, South Africa.
Mohlabi HameseDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mankweng Hospital, University of Limpopo, South Africa.
Tumelo LeeuwDepartment of Pediatrics, Mafikeng Provincial Hospital, South Africa.
Omphile MekgoeDepartment of Pediatrics, Klerksdorp Hospital, South Africa.
Philemon RakgoleDepartment of Pediatrics, Job Shimankana Tabane Hospital, Rustenburg, South Africa.
Norman DungwaDepartment of Pediatrics, Witbank Hospital, South Africa.
Thulisile MaphosaDepartment of Pediatrics, Rob Fereirra Hospital, Nelspruit, South Africa.
Kgomotso SanyaneDepartment of Pediatrics, Dr George Mukhari Hospital, Sefako Makgatho University, Pretoria, South Africa.
Wolfgang PreiserDivision of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Service Tygerberg, South Africa.
Cheryl CohenNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Melinda SuchardNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
National Health Laboratory Service · ZAUniversity of Cape Town · ZAUniversity of Limpopo · ZAUniversity of the Free State · ZAUniversity of the Witwatersrand · ZACecilia Makiwane Hospital · ZADr George Mukhari Hospital · ZAFrere Hospital · ZAGrey's Hospital · ZAJohannesburg Hospital · ZAKalafong Hospital · ZAKimberley Hospital · ZAKing Edward VIII Hospital · ZARed Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital · ZASefako Makgatho Health Sciences University · ZAStellenbosch University · ZASteve Biko Hospital · ZAUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCongenital rubella syndrome (CRS) includes disorders associated with intrauterine rubella infection. Incidence of CRS is higher in countries with no rubella-containing vaccines (RCV) in their immunization schedules. In the World Health Organization African region, RCVs are being introduced as part of the 2012-2020 global measles and rubella strategic plan. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of confirmed CRS in South Africa prior to introduction of RCVs in the immunization schedule.

methodsThis was a descriptive study with 28 sentinel sites reporting laboratory-confirmed CRS cases in all 9 provinces of South Africa. In the retrospective phase (2010 to 2014), CRS cases were retrieved from medical records, and in the prospective phase (2015 to 2017) clinicians at study sites reported CRS cases monthly.

resultsThere were 42 confirmed CRS cases in the retrospective phase and 53 confirmed CRS cases in the prospective phase. Most frequently reported birth defects were congenital heart disease and cataracts. The median age of mothers of CRS cases was 21 years in the retrospective phase (range: 11 to 38 years) and 22 years in the prospective phase (range: 15 to 38 years).

conclusionBaseline data on laboratory-confirmed CRS will enable planning and monitoring of RCV implementation in the South African Expanded Programme on Immunization program. Ninety-eight percent of mothers of infants with CRS were young women 14-30 years old, indicating a potential immunity gap in this age group for consideration during introduction of RCV.

Indexed as

Sentinel SurveillanceAdolescentAdultAntibodies, ViralCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMedical RecordsPregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousProspective StudiesQualitative ResearchAntibodies, Viralbirth defectscongenital rubella syndromerubellarubella-containing vaccinessurveillance

Identifiers

PMID30203002
PMCPMC6495013
OpenAlexW2891221691

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.