Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30202902›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the National Cancer Institute2019

Role of Host GPR120 in Mediating Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Inhibition of Prostate Cancer.

Pei Liang, Susanne M Henning, Johnny Guan, Tristan Grogan, David Elashoff, Jerrold M Olefsky, Pinchas Cohen, William J Aronson

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. High Omega-3, Low Omega-6 Diet With Fish Oil for Men With Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance: The CAPFISH-3 Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Pei LiangDepartment of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Susanne M HenningDepartment of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Johnny GuanDepartment of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Tristan GroganStatistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
David ElashoffStatistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Jerrold M OlefskyDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA.
Pinchas CohenLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
William J AronsonDepartment of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
University of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Southern California · USVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System · US

Funding

UCLA SPORE IN PROSTATE CANCERP50CA092131 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI REITER, ROBERT E · 2002 to 2023
$42.6M
Role of the Mitochondrial Peptide Humanin in Regulating Aging and HealthspanP01AG055369 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI LONGO, VALTER D. · 2018 to 2023
$12.4M
Role of GPR120 and Macrophages in Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Inhibition of Prostate CancerR01CA231219 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ARONSON, WILLIAM J, COHEN, PINCHAS · 2018 to 2022
$2.1M
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA092131NCI NIH HHS R01 CA231219NIA NIH HHS P01 AG055369
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: GPR120, a G protein-coupled receptor for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs), mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 (ω-3) FAs. We investigated whether host or tumor GPR120 plays a role in the anti-prostate cancer effects of ω-3 FAs. Methods: MycCap prostate cancer allografts were grown in immunocompetent wild-type (WT) and GPR120 knockout (KO) mice fed ω-3 (fish oil) or ω-6 (corn oil) diets. Immune cell infiltration was quantified by flow cytometry, and gene expression of immune cell markers in isolated tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Archived tissue from a fish oil intervention trial was used to correlate gene expression of GPR120 with cell cycle progression (CCP) genes and Ki67 index (n = 11-15 per group). All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: In WT mice (n = 7 per group), dietary ω-3 FAs decreased MycCap allograft tumor growth (mean [SD] final tumor volume ω-6 = 491 [437] mm3 vs ω-3 = 127 [77] mm3, P = .04), whereas in global GPR120KO mice (n = 7 per group) ω-3 FAs had no anticancer effects. Dietary ω-3 FAs inhibited GPR120KO-MycCaP allografts grown in WT mice (n = 8 per group; mean [SD] final tumor volume ω-6 = 776 [767] mm3 vs ω-3 = 36 [34] mm3, P = .02). Omega-3 FA treatment decreased the number of M2-like TAMs in tumor tissue and gene expression of M2 markers in isolated TAMs compared with ω-6 controls in WT (n = 7 per group) but not in GPR120KO mice (n = 7 per group). In human tissue, higher expression of stromal GPR120 correlated with greater reduction in expression of CCP genes in men with prostate cancer on a high-ω-3 diet (r = -.57, P = .04). Conclusions: Host GPR120 plays a central role in the anti-prostate cancer effects of dietary ω-3 FAs. Future studies are required to determine if the anticancer effects of ω-3 FAs are mediated through inhibition of M2-like macrophages and if host GPR120 status predicts anticancer effects of dietary ω-3 FAs in men with prostate cancer.

Indexed as

DietAnimalsCase-Control StudiesDisease ProgressionFatty Acids, Omega-3Follow-Up StudiesHumansMacrophagesMaleMiceMice, KnockoutProstatic NeoplasmsReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledFatty Acids, Omega-3FFAR4 protein, humanFFAR4 protein, mouseReceptors, G-Protein-Coupled

Identifiers

PMID30202902
PMCPMC6335116
OpenAlexW2891797454

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.