ReviewAmerican journal of lifestyle medicine
The Obesity Paradox in Type 2 Diabetes and Mortality.
Review in American journal of lifestyle medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D and disease prevention in 2024: commentary on recent Endocrine Society recommendations.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Article
- The association of obesity and lipid-related indicators with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risks in patients with diabetes or prediabetes: a cross-sectional study based on machine learning algorithms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Obesity paradox in individuals with type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2025Review
- Visceral fat and attribute-based medicine in chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Diabetes, Vascular Aging and Stroke: Old Dogs, New Tricks?Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- The obesity paradox and diabetes.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2021Review
- BMI and BMI change following incident type 2 diabetes and risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications: the EPIC-Potsdam study.Diabetologia · 2021Observational
- The association between BMI and 90-day mortality in patients with and without diabetes seeking care at the emergency department.Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2021Article
- Is the Obesity Paradox in Type 2 Diabetes Due to Artefacts of Biases? An Analysis of Pooled Cohort Data from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study and the Study of Health in Pomerania.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- Impact of body mass index on survival in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: Analysis of data from the Insan Memorial End-Stage Renal Disease Registry of Korea (1985-2014).Kidney research and clinical practice · 2019Article
- Effects of diabetes and obesity on cognitive impairment and mortality in older mexicans.Archives of gerontology and geriatricsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The obesity paradox for survival among individuals with type 2 diabetes has been observed in some but not all studies. Conflicting evidence for the role of overweight and obesity in all-cause mortality may largely be a result of differences in study populations, epidemiological methods, and statistical analysis. For example, analyses among populations with long-term prevalent diabetes and the accrual of other chronic health conditions are more likely to observe that the sickest participants have lower body weights, and therefore, relative to normal weight, overweight and even obesity appear advantageous. Other mortality risk factors, such as smoking, also confound the relationship between body weight and survival, but this behavior varies widely in intensity and duration, making it difficult to assess and effectively adjust for in statistical models. Disentangling the potential sources of bias is imperative in understanding the relevance of excess body weight to mortality in diabetes. In this review, we summarize methodological considerations underlying the observed obesity paradox. Based on the available evidence, we conclude that the obesity paradox is likely an artifact of biases, and once these are accounted for, it is evident that compared with normal body weight, excess body weight is associated with a greater mortality risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.