ArticleBMJ open2018
Modelling-based evaluation of the costs, benefits and cost-effectiveness of multipathogen point-of-care tests for sexually transmitted infections in symptomatic genitourinary medicine clinic attendees.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnosing sexually transmitted infections in resource-constrained settings: challenges and ways forward.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Pooled it
- Streamlined Self-Collection Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Human Papillomavirus: A Single-Group Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Impact of Point-of-Care Testing on the Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Africa: Evidence from the HVTN702 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- A rapid molecular test for gonorrhea and chlamydia compared to Gram stain for symptomatic patients in a specialized STI clinic: a randomized controlled trial.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- [Point-of-care tests for sexually transmitted infections-what is the current status?]Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025Article
- Beyond behavioural change: prioritising structural solutions to control bacterial sexually transmitted infections.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- Point-of-care diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections among migrants in Greece.Public health action · 2024Article
- The Estimated Lifetime Quality-Adjusted Life-Years Lost Due to Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Trichomoniasis in the United States in 2018.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Utilization of point-of-care tests among general practitioners, a cross-sectional study.BMC primary care · 2022Article
- Bridging the gap between development of point-of-care nucleic acid testing and patient care for sexually transmitted infections.Lab on a chip · 2022Review
- What can be learnt from a qualitative evaluation of implementing a rapid sexual health testing, diagnosis and treatment service?BMJ open · 2021Article
- A profile of the binx healthExpert review of molecular diagnostics · 2021Review
- Prevalence and correlates of Mycoplasma genitalium infection among patients attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Point-of-Care Testing for Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Review of Recent Developments.Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine · 2020Review
- Antimicrobial resistance point-of-care testing for gonorrhoea treatment regimens: cost-effectiveness and impact on ceftriaxone use of five hypothetical strategies compared with standard care in England sexual health clinics.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020Article
- Modelling patient flows and resource use within a sexual health clinic through discrete event simulation to inform service redesign.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Evaluation of the Performance of a Point-of-Care Test for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Assessing the clinical impact and resource use of a 30-minute chlamydia and gonorrhoea point-of-care test at three sexual health services.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo quantify the costs, benefits and cost-effectiveness of three multipathogen point-of-care (POC) testing strategies for detecting common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) compared with standard laboratory testing.
designModelling study.
settingGenitourinary medicine (GUM) services in England. POPULATION: A hypothetical cohort of 965 988 people, representing the annual number attending GUM services symptomatic of lower genitourinary tract infection.
interventionsThe decision tree model considered costs and reimbursement to GUM services associated with diagnosing and managing STIs. Three strategies using hypothetical point-of-care tests (POCTs) were compared with standard care (SC) using laboratory-based testing. The strategies were: A) dual POCT for PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were total costs and benefits (quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)) for each strategy (2016 GB, £) and associated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) between each of the POC strategies and SC. Secondary outcomes were inappropriate treatment of STIs, onward STI transmission, pelvic inflammatory disease in women, time to cure and total attendances.
resultsIn the base-case analysis, POC strategy C, a quadruplex POCT, was the most cost-effective relative to the other strategies, with an ICER of £36 585 per QALY gained compared with SC when using microcosting, and cost-savings of £26 451 382 when using tariff costing. POC strategy C also generated the most benefits, with 240 467 fewer clinic attendances, 808 fewer onward STI transmissions and 235 135 averted inappropriate treatments compared with SC.
conclusionsMany benefits can be achieved by using multipathogen POCTs to improve STI diagnosis and management. Further evidence is needed on the underlying prevalence of STIs and SC delivery in the UK to reduce uncertainty in economic analyses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.