ArticleJMIR mHealth and uHealth2018
Smartphone-Based Contingency Management Intervention to Improve Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence: Pilot Trial.
Article in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02895893 (PrEP SMART PHASE I TRIAL), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PrEP SMART PHASE I TRIAL
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Community Guide Systematic Review: Digital HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Interventions.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Identifying Best Practices for Increasing HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use and Persistence in the United States: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- mHealth-Based Gamification Interventions Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the HIV Prevention and Care Continuum: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2024Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Implementation Research on Determinants and Strategies of Effective HIV Interventions for Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States.Annual review of psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Public Health Implications of Adapting HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Programs for Virtual Service Delivery in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Digital Health Interventions for LGBTIQ+ Young People: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review of mHealth interventions for HIV prevention and treatment among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.Translational behavioral medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Prize-Based Incentives for Smoking Cessation Among People With HIV: A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Game Plan for PrEP: A Brief, Web and Text Message Intervention to Help Sexual Minority Men Adhere to PrEP and Reduce Their Alcohol Use.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- Youth-friendly services and a mobile phone application to promote adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women at-risk for HIV in Thailand: a randomized control trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Trial
- Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence and HIV Self-Testing App Among Women in the South Bronx: 12-Month Usability, Acceptability, and Feasibility Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Development and feasibility testing of a PrEP uptake and adherence intervention for women with trauma-related mental health conditions: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Black women's preferences regarding use of mHealth for sexual health support in Chicago, a cross-sectional study.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Development and Pilot Testing of an Addiction Clinic-Based Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake and Adherence Intervention for Women with Substance Use Disorders: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- A case study of the co-creation of the PrEP-SIC: a roadmap to support introduction of pre-exposure prophylaxis into new settings.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Preliminary evaluation of a gamified smartphone intervention (O2O-PEP) for enhancing HIV post-exposure prophylaxis uptake in men who have sex with men: pilot feasibility study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Provider Perspectives on Multi-level Barriers and Facilitators to PrEP Access Among Latinx Sexual and Gender Minorities.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Article
- The Potential of Telecommunication Technology to Address Racial/Ethnic Disparities in HIV PrEP Awareness, Uptake, Adherence, and Persistence in Care: A Review.AIDS and behavior · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) provides a strong preventative benefit to individuals at risk for HIV. While PrEP adherence is highly correlated with its efficacy, adherence rates are variable both across and within persons.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to develop and pilot-test a smartphone-based intervention, known as mSMART, that targets PrEP adherence. mSMART provides contingency management in the form of monetary incentives for daily PrEP adherence based on a real-time adherence assessment using a camera-based medication event-monitoring tool as well as medication reminders, PrEP education, individualized behavioral strategies to address PrEP adherence barriers, and medication adherence feedback.
methodsThis was a 4-week open-label, phase I trial in a community sample of young men who have sex with men already on PrEP (N=10).
resultsAlthough adherence composite scores corresponding to PrEP biomarkers indicated that 90% (9/10) of the sample already had an acceptable baseline adherence in the protective range, by the end of the 4-week period, the scores improved for 30% (3/10) of the sample-adherence did not worsen for any participants. Participants reported mean PrEP adherence rates of 91% via daily entries in mSMART. At the end of the 4-week period, participants indicated acceptable ratings of satisfaction, usability, and willingness to recommend mSMART to others. There were no technical difficulties associated with smartphone compatibility, user misunderstandings about mSMART features that interfered with daily use, or study attrition.
conclusionsThis study is the first to apply contingency management to PrEP adherence. Findings indicated that mSMART is feasible and acceptable. Such an adherence intervention administered via a user-friendly smartphone app can allow for widespread dissemination. Future efficacy trials are needed.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02895893; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02895893 (Accessed by Webcite at http://www.webcitation.org/72JskjDJq).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.